“和亲”、“藩属”与“新贡纳”:西汉时期汉匈关系的理论审视  

Marriage for Peace,Vassal System and New Tributary System:A Theoretical Review of Han-Xiongnu Relations in the Western Han Dynasty

作　　者：袁宝龙[1] Yuan Baolong

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学历史学院,北京市房山区102488

出　　处：《中国边疆史地研究》2024年第3期48-61,214,共15页China's Borderland History and Geography Studies

摘　　要：西汉初期,汉匈之间缔结了“和亲”盟约,并随之展开了政治联姻与经济往来,这是对先秦时期“和亲”传统的继承与发展。这一时期汉匈双方借助政治联姻方式建立了相对牢固的情感认同与文化认同,“和亲”因此成为政治联姻的代名词。自汉武帝以“有为”思想经略匈奴,汉代“和亲”的内涵便开始回归古义,不再与政治联姻产生必然联系。这一时期,西汉王朝与匈奴政权通过分别建构“藩属”体系的方式,在政治、军事诸方面展开激烈争夺。直至甘露年间,南匈奴款塞与西汉王朝共同组建了“新贡纳”体系,汉匈关系从此进入新阶段。不过受经学转向趋势的影响,前经学极盛时代的汉匈双方在价值取向和文化认同上与“和亲”时代大异其趣,互相怀疑、彼此猜忌逐渐成为这一时期汉匈关系的显性特征和主体基调。In the early Western Han Dynasty,Han and Xiongnu reached a treaty of Marriage for Peace,which led to political and economic exchanges.During this period,the two sides established a relatively strong mutual emotional and cultural identification through the political marriage,and Marriage for Peace became the synonym of political marriage.From the period of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty,the connotation of Marriage for Peace in the Han Dynasty began to return to its ancient meaning,and was no longer necessarily related to political marriage.'It was not until the Ganlu period(甘露年间)of the Western Han Dynasty that the southern Xiongnu subjected itself to the New Tributary System of the Western Han Dynasty,and then the Han-Xiongnu relations entered a new stage.However,under the influence of the turn of Confucian Classical Studies,the values and cultural identities of the two sides before the golden age of Confucian Classical Studies differed greatly from those of the Marriage for Peace era,and mutual suspicion gradually became the dominant feature and basic tone of the Han-Xiongnu relations in this period.

关 键 词：和亲 藩属 新贡纳 汉匈关系 

分 类 号：K234.1[历史地理—历史学]