在线诉讼的价值、风险与制度应对  

Online Litigation:Its Value,Risks and Institutional Solutions

作　　者：瓮怡洁[1] Weng Yijie

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学人文与发展学院法学系

出　　处：《比较法研究》2024年第5期167-182,共16页Journal of Comparative Law

基　　金：北京市哲学社会科学规划项目“数字检察战略下北京大数据法律监督模式研究”(项目编号:23FXB013);教育部人文社会科学研究项目“乡村治理现代化视域下农村公共法律服务体系建设研究”(项目编号:23YJAZH011)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：在线诉讼是司法与科学技术融合的产物,由于借助了科学技术发展带来的便利,在线诉讼能够减轻当事人的讼累,同时有利于实现案件分流,降低司法成本。但由于科学技术与司法具有异质性,导致在线诉讼存在一系列风险:在线诉讼的庭审方式可能损害传统司法的仪式感与直接言词性;在线诉讼开放共享的特质可能损害当事人的个人信息权;在线诉讼对被追诉人的质证权、辩护权和公正审判权也会产生负面影响。目前,我国的在线诉讼存在诸多问题。为了促进民事在线诉讼的进一步完善,建议完善统一的在线诉讼平台,充分吸收社会公众参与在线诉讼的制度设计和平台建设;为了促进刑事在线诉讼的制度完善,建议在我国刑事诉讼法中对在线诉讼作出明确规定,同时建立刑事在线诉讼平台。The emergence of online litigation signifies the convergence of legal proceedings with scientific and technological advancements.By harnessing the advantages of technological advancements,online litigation has the potential to ease the litigation burden for parties involved,reduce judicial costs,and streamline case management.However,the inherent disparities between the realms of science,technology,and the judiciary present a myriad of risks for online litigation.These risks include the risk of online trial methods diluting the traditional formal and face-to-face nature of judicial processes,concerns regarding the integration of artificial intelligence in legal proceedings casting doubt on the legitimacy of judicial decisions;and features like open data sharing and complete transparency in online litigation potentially compromising the rights of parties involved.In China,online litigation grapples with various issues.To promote the sustainable development of online litigation,it is recommended to consolidate resources,enhance a unified platform for online proceedings,and encourage increased public engagement in design and construction of online litigation platforms.Furthermore,expanding the jurisdiction of internet courts is advised.

关 键 词：在线诉讼 讼累 司法成本 司法公正 权利保障 

分 类 号：D925[政治法律—诉讼法学] TP399[政治法律—法学]