生物多样性保护与可持续发展背景下的生态安全  

Progress in ecological security research in the context of biodiversity and sustainable development

作　　者：郑舒元 刘国华 万凌凡[2,3] 赵俊彦 李佳佳 左玲丽 苏旭坤 ZHENG Shuyuan;LIU Guohua;WAN Lingfan;ZHAO Junyan;LI Jiajia;ZUO Lingli;SU Xukun(Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security,Yunnan University,Kunming 650504,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院,昆明650504 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《科技导报》2024年第18期46-57,共12页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(72394401)。

摘　　要：总结了生态安全与生物多样性及可持续发展的关系,以及生态安全研究的发展方向。分析表明,生态安全研究的时效性与动态性存在不足,同时在生态安全评价体系与评价因子无明确定义的背景下,不同保护对象在复杂生态系统中的表现与作用难以兼顾,故对于生态安全评估的效果与预期存在较大偏差。因此,建议在生态安全评价研究中引入生态敏感性、生态脆弱性与生态重要性的研究策略,进一步明确生态保护实体与对象,提高生态安全评价的时效性,紧扣生态系统复杂作用过程,加强风险评估管理。同时,建议进一步完善生态安全评价指标体系与评价方法,综合考虑生态敏感性、生态脆弱性与生态重要性的作用与功能以及结合多种未来情景,进行生态安全空间变化趋势预测,以期进一步为生物多样性保护与可持续发展的现实决策提供理论依据。Given the exponential growth of the global population and the advancements in socio-economic development,ecological security has emerged as a pivotal factor for both biodiversity conservation and sustainable development strategies.Thus,this paper provides a comprehensive review of the relationship among ecological security,biodiversity conservation,and sustainable development,as well as the future directions of ecological security research.Due to the lack of clearly defined ecological security assessment systems and evaluation factors,reconciling diverse conservation objectives within intricate ecosystems poses a formidable challenge,resulting in substantial disparities between anticipated and actual ecological security assessments.To address these challenges,the integration of research strategies focusing on ecological sensitivity,vulnerability,and importance is proposed to be included into the assessment of ecological security.This approach aims to enhance the clarity of conservation entities and targets,improve the timeliness of ecological security evaluations,and strengthen risk assessment and management by establishing close links with complex ecosystem processes.Furthermore,this research critically examines the current research methods and presents future prospects for investigation in terms of improving the selection of indices and evaluation methods for ecological security.It aims to overcome traditional approaches by comprehensively considering the roles and functions of ecological sensitivity,ecological vulnerability,and ecological importance.Additionally,it seeks to predict spatial trends in ecological security by incorporating various future scenarios.This aims to provide practical decision-making references for the conservation of biodiversity and the promotion of sustainable development.

关 键 词：生态安全 生物多样性 可持续发展目标 生态敏感性 生态脆弱性 生态重要性 

分 类 号：X176[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X22