40 Hz节律刺激对阿尔茨海默病和认知功能的影响  

Effects of 40 Hz Rhythmic Stimulation on Alzheimer’s Disease and Cognitive Function

作　　者：赵娜 何生[1,2] 施立楠 ZHAO Na;HE Sheng;SHI Li-Nan(State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science,Institute of Biophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Life Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生物物理研究所脑与认知科学国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学生命科学学院,北京100049

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2024年第10期2405-2417,共13页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：科技创新2030-“脑科学与类脑研究”重大项目(2021ZD0204200)资助。

摘　　要：阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)等神经退行性疾病对人类健康造成了严重威胁,目前仍缺乏有效的治疗方法。近期,通过改进脑电异常的伽马节律网络来干预AD,为改善其疾病症状带来了新的希望。本文综述了近年来关于40 Hz节律刺激对AD病理和认知功能影响的研究进展。研究表明,40 Hz节律刺激能够显著改善AD小鼠模型的病理特征和人类AD患者的认知能力。此外,40 Hz节律刺激对健康人的认知功能有一定的提升作用。本文讨论了40 Hz节律刺激的神经同步原理和作用机制,并评估了其作为一种非侵入式治疗手段的安全性。最后,分析了当前研究的局限性,并展望了未来的研究方向。总之,尽管40 Hz节律刺激对健康人的认知影响有限,但显示出作为AD治疗手段的潜力,未来需要进一步研究以确认其在临床应用中的有效性和作用机制。Alzheimer’s disease(AD),characterized by cognitive decline and neurodegeneration,currently relies on pharmacological treatments that are limited in efficacy and often accompanied by side effects.As the number of AD patients increases,so does the economic burden on both the global healthcare system and families of patients,further worsening the quality of life for patients in their later years.Therefore,it is crucial to find new and more effective therapeutic approaches.This necessity has sparked a growing interest in non-invasive therapies,such as 40 Hz rhythmic stimulation,which aims to modulate brain activity to potentially reverse pathological changes and alleviate symptoms.This review provides an overview of the effects of 40 Hz stimulation on AD pathology and symptoms,its impact on cognitive functions in healthy individuals,the underlying mechanisms of action,and strategies to enhance the treatment’s compliance and effectiveness.Research has demonstrated that 40 Hz rhythmic stimulation,particularly through auditory and visual modalities,can influence core AD pathologies.In mouse models of AD,this stimulation has been shown to reduce amyloid beta protein(Aβ)plaques and phosphorylated tau protein levels,hallmarks of AD pathology.These effects are thought to stem from enhanced waste clearance mechanisms,facilitated by the stimulation of the glymphatic system and the activation of microglia.Clinical applications in AD patients have shown promising results,with improvements noted in cognitive functions and behavioral symptoms.These findings suggest that 40 Hz rhythmic stimulation could offer a non-pharmacological option to mitigate the pathological progression and symptomatic expression of AD.In healthy individuals,the cognitive outcomes of 40 Hz stimulation appear more variable.Some studies indicate potential enhancements in memory and attention,proposing that 40 Hz stimulation may bolster cognitive resilience and processing efficiency in a non-diseased brain.However,these effects are not consistently repli

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 40 Hz节律刺激 非入侵式治疗 神经振荡-外界节律同步化现象 神经机制 认知功能 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]