镉和氧化石墨烯对大蒜根尖细胞的影响  

Effects of cadmium and graphene oxide on garlic root tip cells

作　　者：王思源 朱珺 王冰涵 田羽芊 徐肖文 李玉为 邹金华[1,2] WANG Siyuan;ZHU Jun;WANG Binghan;TIAN Yuqian;XU Xiaowen;LI Yuwei;ZOU Jinhua(School of Life Sciences,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学生命科学学院,天津300387 [2]天津师范大学天津市动植物抗性重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《天津师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期36-42,共7页Journal of Tianjin Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31901184);天津市自然科学基金资助项目(17JCYBJC22500)。

摘　　要：为了探究氧化石墨烯(GO)对大蒜根尖细胞抗镉(Cd)胁迫能力的影响,以大蒜为实验材料,研究了Cd和GO单一及共处理对大蒜生长、根尖细胞活性、根尖分生区细胞核仁形态、有丝分裂及Cd的亚细胞分布的影响.结果显示:①在本研究设置的浓度下Cd胁迫会显著抑制大蒜生长,GO会显著促进大蒜生长,GO和Cd共同处理则会在一定程度上缓解Cd对大蒜的生长抑制作用;②在单一Cd胁迫下,Cd对大蒜根尖细胞活性有毒害作用,且抑制作用随时间延长而加重,GO对Cd胁迫下大蒜根尖细胞活性下降有明显的缓解作用;③GO和Cd均会影响大蒜根尖细胞的有丝分裂并导致染色体畸变,二者共存时,GO会在一定程度上缓解Cd对大蒜有丝分裂的抑制作用;④Cd胁迫对大蒜根尖分生区细胞核仁形态有毒害作用,可以诱导核仁物质缓慢向外流出到核质甚至到细胞质基质,GO能有效缓解Cd胁迫对核仁结构的毒害作用,抑制了核仁物质向外流出;⑤GO可通过调节Cd的亚细胞分布在一定程度上缓解Cd对大蒜根部细胞的损伤.In order to explore the effect of graphene oxide(GO)on the tolerance of garlic root tip cells to cadmium(Cd)stress,garlic was used as the experimental material,and the effects of Cd and GO single and co-treatment on the growth of garlic,activity of root tip cells,nucleolus morphology of root tip meristem cells,mitosis and subcellular distribution of Cd were investi-gated.The results showed that:①At the concentrations set in this study,Cd significantly inhibited the growth of garlic,GO significantly promoted the growth of garlic,and GO and Cd co-treatment alleviated the inhibitory effect of Cd on garlic to a certain extent.②Under single Cd stress,Cd had a toxic effect on the activity of garlic root tip cells,and with the increase of time,the toxic effect of Cd on the activity of garlic root tip cells was more and more serious,and GO had a significant mitiga-tion effect.③Both GO and Cd affected the mitosis of garlic root tip cells and led to chromosome aberration.When GO and Cd coexisted,GO alleviated the inhibition of Cd on garlic mitosis to some extent.④Cd treatment had a toxic effect on the nucleo-lus morphology of garlic root tip meristem cells.Cd stress induced the outflow of nucleolar substances slowly to nucleoplasm and even to cytoplasmic matrix.GO could effectively alleviate the toxic effect of Cd stress on the nucleolar structure of garlic root tip meristem cells and inhibit the outflow of nucleolar substances.⑤GO changed the distribution of Cd in the cells,that is,GO alleviated the damage caused by Cd to garlic root cells to a certain extent by regulating the subcellular distribution of Cd.

关 键 词：大蒜 镉 氧化石墨烯 根尖细胞活性 有丝分裂 亚细胞分布 

分 类 号：Q942[生物学—植物学]