上海市小学一年级学生患龋状况调查及影响因素分析  

Caries status and its influencing factors among first-grade primary school students in Shanghai

作　　者：郁莹 易芳羽 张皓 翁清清 曾晓莉 虞瑾 江一巍 王沪宁 张颖 YU Ying;YI Fangyu;ZHANG Hao;WENG Qingqing;ZENG Xiaoli;YU Jin;JIANG Yiwei;WANG Huning;ZHANG Ying(Department of Stomatology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University),Shanghai 200433,China;Department of Oral Prevention,Shanghai Stomatological Hospital&Hospital of Stomatology Affiliated to Fudan University(in preparation),Shanghai 200001,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases,Shanghai 200001,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学(第二军医大学)第一附属医院口腔科,上海200433 [2]复旦大学附属口腔医院(筹),上海市口腔医院口腔预防科,上海200001 [3]上海市颅颌面发育与疾病重点实验室,上海200001

出　　处：《海军军医大学学报》2024年第10期1310-1315,共6页Academic Journal of Naval Medical University

基　　金：上海市促进市级医院临床技能与临床创新能力三年行动计划(16CR4018A)。

摘　　要：目的 调查上海市小学一年级学生的口腔健康状况并分析龋病影响因素。方法 2021年采用随机抽样的方法在上海市抽取出黄浦、徐汇、嘉定、静安4个区作为调查区。以随机整群抽样的方法在4个区内共抽取8所小学的一年级学生作为调查对象。以第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查的标准进行口腔临床检查及问卷调查。采用EpiData 3.1软件建立数据库,应用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计学分析,采用χ^(2)检验比较组间患龋率,采用两独立样本非参数检验比较组间龋均,采用多因素logistic回归模型分析龋病影响因素。结果 共回收知情同意书及问卷调查表824份,其中有效问卷764份,有效率为92.7%。参与调查学生的总患龋率为65.6%(501/764),龋均为3.24±3.47。参与调查学生共发现龋齿2 473颗,671颗牙齿进行了充填,充填率为27.1%。参与调查学生人均萌出恒牙(7.91±2.76)颗,56.3%(430/764)的学生4颗第一恒磨牙全部萌出。多因素logistic回归分析显示,每天进食甜食>3次(P=0.030)、睡前经常进食(P=0.001)、家长认为学生的牙坏得严重(P=0.025)是儿童龋病检出的影响因素。结论 上海市小学一年级学生患龋率较高,每天进食甜食>3次、睡前经常进食、家长认为学生的牙坏得严重是儿童龋病检出的影响因素。Objective To investigate the oral health status of thefirst-grade primary school students in Shanghai and analyze its influencing factors.Methods In 2021,Huangpu,Xuhui,Jiading,and Jing’an districts were selected in Shanghai by random sampling method.Thefirst-grade students of 8 primary schools in these 4 districts were enrolled by random cluster sampling.Oral clinical examinations and questionnaires were conducted according to the criteria of the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological Survey.EpiData 3.1 software was used to create the database.SPSS 26.0 software was applied for statistical analysis.Chi-square test was used to compare the caries prevalence between groups,and two independent samples non-parametric test was used to compare the decayed,missing andfilled teeth(DMFT)between groups.Multifactorial logistic regression model was used to analyzse the influencing factors of caries.Results A total of 824 informed consent forms and questionnaires were collected,of which 764 were completed,with an effective rate of 92.7%.The total caries prevalence of the participating students was 65.6%(501/764),and the mean DMFT was 3.24±3.47.A total of 2473 carious teeth were found in the participating students,and 671 teeth werefilled,with afilling rate of 27.1%.There were 7.91±2.76 permanent teeth erupted per student,and 56.3%(430/764)of the students had all 4first permanent molars erupted.Multivariate logistic regression showed that eating sweets>3 times a day(P=0.030),eating regularly before bedtime(P=0.001),and parents’cognition of kids’poor oral health status(P=0.025)were the influencing factors for the detection of caries in children.Conclusion Thefirst-grade primary school students in Shanghai have high prevalence of caries.Eating sweets>3 times a day,eating regularly before bedtime,and parents’cognition of kids’poor oral health status(P<0.05)are the influencing factors for the detection of caries in children.

关 键 词：学龄儿童 龋齿 影响因素 上海 

分 类 号：R788.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]