民居研究与实践教学--南京大学乡村振兴工作营内蒙古实践记录  

Vernacular Architectural Research and Practical Teaching:Records of Nanjing University’s Rural Revitalization Praxis in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：梁宇舒 LIANG Yushu

机构地区：[1]南京大学建筑与城市规划学院,南京210000

出　　处：《新建筑》2024年第5期150-156,共7页New Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(52008199);中央高校基本科研原创交叉项目(902/14380035)。

摘　　要：不同于常规的以短期搭建实验为主的一次性的学生工作营,南京大学试图建立一种长期的乡村陪伴服务模式--以带队教师2~3年的连续带队为服务周期,基于人类学田野调查、既有建筑实录(测绘)、社会学考察、材料建构实验、在地设计研究、小体量建造、学术汇编与策展为一体的乡村发展研究与设计介入。文章在回顾归纳南大与之相关的建筑学术传统基础上,以南京大学乡村振兴工作营内蒙古阿拉善支队的设计研究与教学实践为案例,以我国北方内蒙古地区一个蒙古族游牧晚期的定居聚落为观察对象,逐一阐释“中国民居--传统居住形态研究展”中南京大学参展成果背后的创新工作模式、案例研究方法、实践成果。文章认为“乡村工作站模式”的探索延续了南大关于地方建构文化与设计的核心学术思想,不仅有助于在教学层面增强学生实际建造能力的培养,带领学生真正参与到实际建造中,一定程度规避了传统建筑学教学的弊端,还有助于链接民居研究与地方实践两个学术领域,助力高校在乡村振兴国家战略方面的实践与探索。Unlike the conventional short-term construction workshops where university students often engage in temporary building experiments,Nanjing University has been trying to establish a long-term accompanying service model.This model is led by leading teachers,operates in a continuous cycle of 2-3 years,and integrates anthropological fieldwork research,existing buildings surveying and mapping,sociological observation,experimental research on construction materials,local design research,small-scale construction,and academic exhibition planning into a comprehensive rural research and design intervention framework.Based on a review and generalization of the academic tradition of Nanjing University’s architecture and related fields,this article takes the design research and practice teaching of the Inner Mongolia Alxa Branch of Nanjing University’s Rural Revitalization Praxis as a case study.It examines a late nomadic Mongolian settlement in Inner Mongolia,northern China,and elaborates on the innovative working model,case study methods,and practical achievements behind Nanjing University’s exhibition at the“Chinese Vernacular Architecture:Research Exhibition on Traditional Residential Forms”one by one.The article argues that the exploration of this new working way continues Nanjing University’s core academic philosophy of local construction culture and design research,help enhance the cultivation of students'practical ability in authentic building in which the traditional architectural education is lacking,and will help bridge the gap between vernacular dwelling research and local practice,facilitating universities’practical explorations of the national strategy for rural revitalization.

关 键 词：乡土建筑 内蒙古 蒙古族 乡村工作站 持续性 建筑学教学 

分 类 号：TU253[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]