环境制约下的早期农业现代化探索——民国时期绥远农业技术改良问题再研究  

Early Agricultural Modernization under Environmental Constraints:Restudy of the Improvement of Agricultural Technology in Suiyuan during theRepublic of China

作　　者：杨凯[1] YANG Kai(College of History and Tourism Culture,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010070,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学历史与旅游文化学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010070

出　　处：《前沿》2024年第4期124-135,共12页Forward Position

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“多卷本《中国生态环境史》”(13&ZD080);内蒙古大学高层次人才科研启动项目“近代中国引进外来农业动物的历史经验及其启示”(10000-23112101/061)。

摘　　要：民国时期,绥远是重要的产粮区,但当地农业却被视为“落后”,这一反差背后有着深刻的历史原因。基于独特的自然、社会背景,绥远农业整体上以粗放型为主,而灌溉区“水地”却出现集约化经营的发展倾向,其技术蕴含了适应本地生产实践的独到之处。在当时的历史条件下,引进西方农业科技固然重要,但从环境适应性和经济合理性的角度来看,积极利用本土生态—文化系统中衍生的技术手段,以及民间流传的丰富的地方性生产知识也不容忽视。早期农业现代化是传统与现代、本土与外来、自然与人文因素交织融汇、多元互动的过程,应立足于区域资源环境基础,尝试从“非西方中心主义”的方向出发重新理解其内涵,发掘早期现代化探索中的“乡土因素”。During the Republic of China,Suiyuan was an important grain-producing area,while local agriculture was underdeveloped for some historical reasons.Based on the unique natural and social background,agriculture in Suiyuan was mainly extensive as a whole,but there was a development tendency of intensive management in irrigated areas,which contains unique features adapted to local production practices.Under the then historical conditions,although the introduction of Western agricultural technology was important,the active employing of skills derived from the indigenous eco-cultural system and rich local production knowledge among the people should not be overlooked from the perspectives of environmental adaptation and economic rationality.Early modernization of agriculture is a process of multiple interactions between traditional and modern factors,between local and foreign factors,and between natural and human factors.We should try to understand its connotation from the perspective of non-Western centrism and discover factors of native land in the early exploration of modernization.

关 键 词：农业现代化 绥远 民族地区 乡土因素 

分 类 号：K2[历史地理—历史学]