眶下神经的路径分析  

Path analysis of the infraorbital nerve

作　　者：郑如意 吴彦霖 方君豪 王铭扬 章嘉伟 汪烨樱 徐小冬[2] 赵建军 ZHENG Ruyi;WU Yanlin;FANG Junhao;WANG Mingyang;ZHANG Jiawei;WANG Yeying;XU Xiaodong;ZHAO Jianjun(Clinical Medicine Grade 2021,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China;Stomatology Grade 2022,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China;Clinical Medicine Grade 2022,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China;Department of Human Anatomy and Em bryology,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学基础医学院,杭州311121 [2]杭州师范大学基础医学院人体解剖与组织胚胎学系,杭州311121

出　　处：《神经解剖学杂志》2024年第4期471-477,共7页Chinese Journal of Neuroanatomy

基　　金：基于混合式课程建设及其教学改革实践(KT2023091);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划立项项目(202310346026)。

摘　　要：目的:探究眶下神经(IN)各分支的分布区域、走行及与面神经的交通关系,为临床实现精准眶下管内眶下神经主干及面部区域性麻醉、面部手术提供形态学基础,以提高颌面部手术的成功率。方法:选取25例经福尔马林固定的成年尸体半侧脸。排除肿瘤、外伤、畸形、手术等导致的面部缺陷样本。测量眶下神经主干长度和直径及眶下管长度,计数眶下神经总分支数及各分支数量,探究眶下神经各分支的走行、分布区域及与面神经的交通关系。结果:眶下神经主干长度范围为19.61~44.47 mm,平均长度为(23.33±4.95)mm,眶下管的长度范围为9.49~31.21 mm,平均长度为(12.87±3.99)mm。眶下神经总分支数为5~12支,平均数量为(7.29±2.29)支,以上唇支数量最多,为1~5支,分布区域最广,眼睑支分布范围最窄。眶下神经与面神经存在大量的交点以及吻合现象,形成复杂的多层网络状结构。结论:眶下神经主干与眶下管长度不一,眶下神经各分支数量及分布范围不恒定,与面神经的交通关系复杂。Objective:This study aimed to reveal the distribution and course of the branches of the infraorbital nerve(IN),its communication relationship between the branches of the infraorbital nerve and facial nerve,so as to provide morphological basis for clinical implementation of accurate infraorbital nerve trunk in the infraorbital canal,regional facial anesthesia and facial surgery,so as to improve the success rate of maxillofacial surgery.Methods:25 adult cadavers with formalin immobilized semi-face were selected.Exclude facial defect samples caused by tumor,trauma,deformity,surgery,etc.The length and diameter of the trunk of the infraorbital nerve and the length of the infraorbital canal were measured.The total number of infraorbital nerve and the number of branches were counted,and the course,distribution and communication relationship between infraorbital nerve and facial nerve were investigated.Results:The length of infraorbital nerve trunk ranged from 19.61 to 44.47 mm,with an average length of(23.33±4.95)mm.The length of infraorbital canal ranged from 9.49 to 31.21 mm,with an average length of(12.87±3.99)mm.The number of infraorbital nerve branches ranged from 5 to 12,and the average number was(7.29±2.29).The number of upper labial branches was the widest,ranging from 1 to 5,while the distribution area of eyelid branches was the narrowest.There are(were)a large number of intersections and anastomoses between the infraorbital nerve and the facial nerve,forming a complex multi-layer network structure.Conclusion:The infraorbital nerve trunk and the infraorbital canal vary in length.The number and distribution range of infraorbital nerve branches are not constant,and the communication relationship between infraorbital nerve and facial nerve is complicated.

关 键 词：眶下神经 分布区域 面神经 解剖学 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]