跨断层铁路隧道精细化建模与力学分析  

Fine modeling and mechanical analysis of cross-fault railway tunnels

作　　者：张恒 徐龙军 彭龙强 谢礼立[1,2] ZHANG Heng;XU Longjun;PENG Longqiang;XIE Lili(Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,Harbin 150080,China;State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China;School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局工程力学研究所,地震工程与工程振动重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [2]江汉大学精细爆破国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430056 [3]西南交通大学土木工程学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《地震工程与工程振动》2024年第5期1-12,共12页Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(地震联合)重点项目(U2139207);湖北省自然基金(创新群体)重点项目(2023AFA030)。

摘　　要：跨活动断层隧道安全是当前困扰铁路工程建设的重点难题之一。有关跨断层隧道的研究工作主要以数值模拟为主,但现阶段用于分析跨断层隧道的有限元结构模型的构建精细化程度往往不高,因此,也较难准确地反映实际结构在断层错动作用下的受力与变形特征。文中分别考虑隧道仰拱填充、铁路轨道基础和轨道等的影响,采用有限元软件ABAQUS建立了3种精细化程度不同的隧道结构模型,与常用简单圆环结构模型进行了对比研究,较详细地分析了跨断层隧道结构以及附属轨道系统在活动逆断层作用下的受力和变形特点。结果表明:模型的精细化程度对隧道结构的应力水平及变形计算结果影响明显,考虑底部填充层和内部附属结构时,隧道结构的纵向刚度和整体性得到加强,总体上使结构抵抗断层作用的能力得到提高。同时,鉴于2022年青海门源发生的6.9级地震中,隧道轨道及其附属设施遭受了严重破坏的实际情况,为了深入探究轨道在断层错动位移影响下的力学响应与变形机制,依托隧道精细模型,对轨道在走滑断层作用下的受力变形特性进行了专项研究。研究结果可为跨断层隧道结构数值模拟研究提供参考,亦为隧道结构韧性评估提供计算依据。The safety of cross-active fault tunnels poses a significant challenge in current railway engineering construction.Research on such tunnels primarily relies on numerical simulation.However,the refinement level of the finite element structural models used to analyze cross-fault tunnels is often inadequate,and it is difficult to accurately reflect the actual stress and deformation characteristics of the tunnel structure under fault displacement.The influence of invert-filling,railway track foundation,and steel rails are considered in this paper.Three tunnel structure models with different levels of refinement are established by using the finite element software ABAQUS,and the simplified and commonly used ring structure models are compared.The stress and deformation characteristics of the cross fault tunnel structure and its associated track system under the action of active reverse faults are analyzed in detail.The results indicate that the refinement level of the model significantly affects the stress levels and deformation calculation results of the tunnel structures.The longitudinal stiffness and integrity of the tunnel structure are strengthened when considering bottom filling layers and internal auxiliary structures,and the ability of the structure to resist fault is improved.Meanwhile,in light of the severe damage to tunnel tracks and ancillary facilities during the M 6.9 earthquake in Menyuan,Qinghai,in 2022,a dedicated study is undertaken to further examine the mechanical behavior and deformation characteristics of tracks under strike-slip fault displacement.This analysis is based on a refined tunnel model,aiming to gain a deeper understanding of how tracks respond and deform under such geological forces.

关 键 词：断层 隧道 数值模拟 精细化建模 轨道基础 

分 类 号：U459.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程] P315.9[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]