生产风险感知、经营规模与农用化学药品替代:来自肉鸡养殖户的经验证据  

Production Risk Perception,Farming Scale and Substitution of Agricultural Chemicals:Evidence from Poultry Farmers

作　　者：李灵芝 陈梅英[3] 陈强[1,2] LI Ling-zhi;CHEN Mei-ying;CHEN Qiang(Postdoctoral Programme of Applied Economics,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Postdoctoral Programme,Bank of Nanjing,Nanjing 210019,China;College of Economics and Management,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学应用经济学博士后流动站,江苏南京210023 [2]南京银行博士后科研工作站,江苏南京210019 [3]福建农林大学经济管理学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2024年第10期1301-1309,共9页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71573130);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2023M731771);江苏省卓越博士后计划(2023ZB502)。

摘　　要：农用化学药品的过量或不合理使用对农村环境、消费者的生命安全与健康等造成了广泛的负面影响,推进农用化学药品减量化是当务之急。该研究以肉鸡养殖业兽用抗菌药使用为例,基于2018—2019年475个契约养殖户的调查数据,创新性地从要素替代视角系统探讨了具有损害控制作用的兽用抗菌药与其替代要素酸化剂之间的替代关系,以及生产风险感知和养殖规模对替代关系的影响。研究发现:(1)总体来看,抗菌药与其替代要素之间存在替代关系;(2)农户的生产风险感知越高,抗菌药与其替代要素之间的替代关系越弱;(3)养殖规模在生产风险感知和要素替代关系之间具有调节作用,即养殖规模的扩大削弱了生产风险感知对要素替代的负面影响。因此,应帮助农户完善生产风险防范措施,降低农户的生产风险感知,加大对替代要素及其替代效应的宣传力度,提高农户的技术认知水平,并鼓励规模经营。The excessive or irrational use of agricultural chemicals has negatively impacted the rural environment and consumers′safety and health.It is crucial to promote the reduction of the use of agricultural chemicals urgently.Taking the example of veterinary antibiotics use in broiler farming,this paper,based on survey data on 475 contract farmers in 2018-2019,explores the relationship between veterinary antibiotics and their substitute,acidifiers,from the perspective of factor substitution.It also examines the impact of production risk perception and farming scale on this substitution relationship.The results show that:(1)Generally,there is a substitution relationship between antibiotics and their substitute.(2)The higher the farmers′perception of the production risk,the lower the possibility of substitution relationship between antibiotics and their substitutes.(3)The expansion of farming scale weakens the negative impact of production risk perception on factor substitution.It is important to assist farmers in enhancing their production risk prevention measures,reducing their perception of production risks,increasing their awareness about substitute factors,improving their technical knowledge,and enlarging farming scale.

关 键 词：农业减量化 农业绿色发展 要素替代 食品安全 

分 类 号：F304[经济管理—产业经济] X38[环境科学与工程—环境工程]