陕西省大学生卫生应急素养现状与知识需求  

Status and knowledge demand of health emergency literacy among college students in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：张雪峰 张志刚 郭晨 潘文博 李金婷 石萌芮 杨致霈 ZHANG Xuefeng;ZHANG Zhigang;GUO Chen;PAN Wenbo;LI Jinting;SHI Mengrui;YANG Zhipei(College of Public Health,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang(712046),Shaanxi Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]陕西中医药大学公共卫生学院,咸阳712046 [2]陕西中医药大学附属医院感染管理科

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第9期1280-1284,1289,共6页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：陕西中医药大学2022年大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202210716045)。

摘　　要：目的 了解陕西省大学生卫生应急素养现状和相关知识需求情况,为提高大学生卫生应急素养提供依据。方法2023年11月,采用多阶段随机抽样与方便抽样相结合的方法选取陕西省18所高校2 723名大学生为研究对象,开展卫生应急素养认知与知识需求调查,并采用χ^(2)检验、Wilcoxon秩和检验、Kruskal-Wallis H检验和Logistic回归分析进行统计分析。结果 有28.98%大学生卫生应急素养水平较高,且卫生应急素养水平较高报告率在是否独生子女、有无留守经历、不同性格类型、是否为学生干部和不同社团或社会活动频率间差异均有统计意义(χ^(2)值分别为9.15,7.90,32.73,16.29,120.25,P值均<0.05)。卫生应急素养4个维度等值化评分由高到低依次为中毒与核和辐射(0.84)、医学救援(0.83)、传染病疫情(0.82)、基本知识和行为(0.77)。Logistic回归分析发现,有留守经历的大学生与卫生应急素养水平以及基本知识和行为、传染病疫情、医学救援、中毒与核和辐射4个维度认知水平均呈负相关(OR值分别为0.74,0.72,0.80,0.80,0.83),性格类型(理智型)、社团或社会活动频率与大学生卫生应急素养水平及其4个维度认知水平均呈正相关(OR值分别为1.57,1.50,1.33,1.27,1.38),独生子女大学生基本知识和行为认知水平较高(OR=3.73),女生卫生应急素养以及传染病疫情、医学救援认知水平较高(OR值分别为1.21,1.28,1.21)(P值均<0.05)。雷达图显示,卫生应急素养认知水平为积极发展型雷达图。67.68%的学生主动获取卫生应急素养知识的意愿较高,对卫生应急基本知识和行为相关知识的需求最高(52.37%)。结论 陕西省大学生卫生应急素养水平不高,但主动获取知识的意愿较高。应强化对有留守经历、非理智型、社团或社会活动频率较低学生的宣传教育。Objective To understand the status and related knowledge requirements of health emergency literacy among college students in Shaanxi Province,so as to provide the basis for improving college students'health emergency literacy.Methods A total of 2723 students from 18 colleges and universities in Shaanxi Province were selected by multi-stage random sampling and simple random sampling methods in November 2023,and the survey of health literacy in emergency and knowledge requirements of health emergency literacy was conducted.Statistical analysis was carried out by usingχ^(2) test,Wilcoxon rank-sum test,Kruskal-Wallis H test and Logistic regression analysis.Results About 28.98%of the surveyed college students had a high level of health emergency literacy,which varied by students whether being only one-child,whether having left-behind experience,with different personality types,whether being student cadres,and with different frequencies of community or social activities(χ^(2)=9.15,7.90,32.73,16.29,120.25,P<0.05).The equivalence scores of the four dimensions of health emergency literacy from high to low were poisoning and nuclear and radiation(0.84),medical rescue(0.83),infectious disease(0.82),and basic knowledge and behavior(0.77).Logistic regression analysis found that college students with left-behind experience were negatively correlated with health emergency literacy and its four dimensions(OR=0.74,0.72,0.80,0.80,0.83),while personality type(rational type),community or social activity frequency were positively correlated with the cognitive levels of health emergency literacy and its four dimensions among college students(OR=1.57,1.50,1.33,1.27,1.38)(P<0.05).There was a higher level of basic knowledge and behavioral cognition among only child college students(OR=3.73),and female students had a higher level of health emergency literacy,as well as awareness of infectious disease outbreaks and medical rescue(OR=1.21,1.28,1.21)(P<0.05).The radar map showed that the level of health emergency literacy was positive deve

关 键 词：卫生 健康教育 认知 知识 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G627.8[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] G479[文化科学—教育学]