“双减”背景下小学生一日学习时间卫生状况评估  

Assessment of the health situation of daily learning time for elementary school students in the context of Double Reduction policy

作　　者：杨浩然 李进 刘开琦 涂英 李素云[6] 杨晓 雷苏文[4] 李京 YANG Haoran;LI Jin;LIU Kaiqi;TU Ying;LI Suyun;YANG Xiao;LEI Suwen;LI Jing(School of Nursing,Shandong Second Medical University,Weifang(261053),Shandong Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]山东第二医科大学护理学院,潍坊261053 [2]山东第二医科大学公共卫生学院 [3]潍坊市人民医院口腔科 [4]中国疾病预防控制中心卫生标准处 [5]贵州省疾病预防控制中心标准管理处 [6]山东省疾病预防控制中心健康管理所

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第9期1354-1358,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：山东第二医科大学教育教学改革与研究课题项目(2023YBD006,2023YBD022);山东省优质专业学位教学案例库立项建设项目(SDYAL2022149);国家疾病预防控制局公共卫生领域标准制修订及监督支撑项目(202401);国家疾病预防控制局公共卫生领域卫生健康标准研究制定项目(233007)。

摘　　要：目的 调查小学生一日学习时间卫生现状,了解学校对《中小学生一日学习时间卫生要求》(GB/T 17223—2012)的实施情况,为加强和改进新时代学校卫生与健康教育工作提供参考。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取山东省7 776名小学生,并基于《中小学生一日学习时间卫生要求》(GB/T 17223—2012)标准设计调查问卷,对其一日学习安排、睡眠与体育活动、课间休息等进行调查。采用χ^(2)检验、Kruskal-Wallis H检验进行组间比较。结果 小学生一日学习时间符合标准规定的比例为55.88%;一二、三四、五六3个年级段小学生一日学习时间达标率差异有统计学意义(Z=1 629.47,P<0.01),其中五六年级的达标比例最高(85.92%)。小学生的课时、课数、早读时长符合规定的占比分别为30.07%,10.20%,42.19%。小学生睡眠不足率为58.69%,体育活动不足率为65.78%;不同年级小学生的睡眠时间与体育活动时间不足率差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为56.39,95.95,P值均<0.01),其中六年级睡眠与体育活动不足率均最高(64.35%,73.37%)。49.78%的学生课间休息时间低于标准规定时间。结论 山东省小学生一日学习时间卫生状况欠佳,学校对标准的执行力度不足,需要进一步加强对标准的执行力度。Objective To investigate the daily learning time status of elementary school students and understand the implementation of Health Requirements of Daily Learning Time for Secondary and Elementary School Students(GB/T 17223-2012)in schools,so as to provide a reference for strengthening and improving school health and health education in the new era.Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 7776 primary school students in Shandong Province,and a survey questionnaire was designed based on the Health Requirements for Dayily Learning Time for Secondary and Elementary School Students(GB/T 17223-2012)standard to investigate their daily learning arrangements,sleep and physical activities,and breaks between classes.Comparison of intergroup differences were used by Chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis H test.Results About 55.88%of primary school students for daily learning time met the standard.There was a statistically significant difference in the daily learning time achievement rate among primary school students in three grades for first and second grade,third and fourth grade and fifth and sixth grade(Z=1629.47,P<0.01),and the fifth and sixth grade had the highest proportion of achieving the standard(85.92%).Specifically,the proportions of students whose class hours,class numbers and morning reading time meeting the standards were 30.07%,10.20%and 42.19%,respectively.The sleep deficiency rate of primary school studnets was 58.69%,and the physical activity deficiency rate was 65.78%;and there was a statistically significant difference in the rate of insufficient sleep time and physical activity time among primary school students of different grades(χ^(2)=56.39,95.95,P<0.01),with sixth-grade students showing the highest rates for both sleep and physical activity deficiencies(64.35%,73.37%).Additionally,49.78%of students had recess time below the standard requirements.Conclusion The health status of daily learning time among primary school students in Shandong Province is poor,with insufficient

关 键 词：学习 时间 合格鉴定 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G478[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] D432.63[文化科学—教育学] G791[文化科学—教育技术学]