帕金森病相关认知障碍的神经影像学特征研究进展  

Advances in neuroimaging of parkinson's-related cognitive impairment

作　　者：高山山 马跃 郭春蕾 罗屹 陈庆燕 方继良[1] Shanshan GAO;Yue MA;Chunlei GUO;Yi LUO;Qingyan CHEN;Jiliang FANG(Guang'anmen Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100053,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院广安门医院,北京100053

出　　处：《阿尔茨海默病及相关病杂志》2024年第4期312-316,共5页Chinese Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders

基　　金：中国中医科学院广安门医院科技创新课题(课题号:81269);中央高水平中医医院临床科研业务费(课题编号:No.HLCMHPP2023072,No.HLCMHPP2023094)。

摘　　要：认知障碍作为最易致残的帕金森病非运动症状之一,严重影响患者的生活质量,故应引起重视。神经影像学作为客观指标,可以帮助临床医生和研究者尽早发现帕金森相关认知障碍的发生。现从帕金森-主观认知能力下降(PD-SCD)、帕金森-轻度认知障碍(PD-MCI)、帕金森痴呆(PD-D)三个方面,综述对此类疾病的神经影像学研究进展。检索后发现,PDSCD诊断标准不明确,但少量研究报道其存在广泛大脑皮层活动和深部白质改变;PD-MCI除明确与帕金森多巴胺系统功能相关,其白质改变已涉及海马等记忆相关结构;PD-D在PD-MCI的基础上白质病变进一步加深,灰质萎缩明显,脑网络功能受累范围进一步扩大,包含基础感知系统障碍。As one of the most disabling non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease,cognitive impairment lacks clear drug treatment,which seriously affects the quality of life of patients and increases the burden on caregivers and social families,so it should be paid attention to.As an objective indicator,neuroimaging can help clinicians and researchers detect the occurrence of Parkinson's-related cognitive impairment as early as possible.From the perspective of neuroimaging,the research progress of Parkinson's disease-subjective cognitive decline(PD-SCD),Parkinson's disease-mild cognitive impairment(PD-MCI),and Parkinson's dementia(PD-D)is reviewed.After the search,it was found that the current diagnostic criteria for PD-SCD are not clear,but a wide range of objective functional and structural changes can be found;In addition to being clearly related to the function of the Parkinson's dopamine system,the white matter changes of PD-MCI have been related to memoryrelated structures such as the hippocampus.On the basis of PD-MCI,the white matter lesions of PD-D were further deepened,the gray matter atrophy was obvious,and the changes in brain network function included the impairment of the basic perceptual system.

关 键 词：帕金森病 认知障碍 神经影像学 

分 类 号：R74[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]