奥马环素的抗菌活性、耐药性、药动学特性和临床疗效研究进展  

Research progress on antibacterial activity,resistance,pharmacokinetics characteristics and clinical efficacy of omadacycline

作　　者：王乐莹 王义俊[1] 张莉[1] WANG Leying;WANG Yijun;ZHANG Li(Dept.of Pharmacy,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210011,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学第二附属医院药学部,南京210011

出　　处：《中国药房》2024年第20期2571-2576,共6页China Pharmacy

基　　金：“南京药学会——常州四药医院药学科研基金”资助项目(No.2023YX002)。

摘　　要：由于病原体耐药形势日益严峻,经典抗菌药物疗效下降,使得社区获得性肺炎(CAP)的治疗难度逐渐增加。奥马环素于2021年12月在我国获批上市,批准用于成人社区获得性细菌性肺炎和急性细菌性皮肤及皮肤结构感染的治疗。本文在介绍CAP致病源耐药情况的基础上,系统综述了奥马环素的抗菌活性、耐药性、药动学特性以及临床疗效,发现其抗菌谱广、生物利用率高、安全性好,且药动学参数不受患者年龄、性别、肝肾功能、药物相互作用的影响,对多种耐药菌、产超广谱β-内酰胺酶革兰氏阴性菌、非典型病原体等均有效,可作为治疗CAP的治疗选择之一。但由于该药临床研究数据有限、临床实际应用时间较短,仍需更多临床研究综合评估奥马环素治疗肺部感染的有效性和安全性。Due to the increasingly severe situation of pathogen resistance,the efficacy of classical antibiotics has declined,and the difficulty of treating community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)has gradually increased.Omadacycline was approved for marketing in China in December 2021 and has been approved for treating community-acquired bacterial pneumonia and acute bacterial skin and skin structure infection in adults.Based on introducing the pathogen resistance of CAP,this article systematically reviews the antibacterial activity and resistance,pharmacokinetic characteristics,and clinical efficacy of omadacycline.It is found that its antibacterial spectrum is wide,its bioavailability is high,and its safety is good.Its pharmacokinetic parameters are not affected by the patients’age,gender,liver and kidney function,or drug interactions,and it is effective against multiple drug-resistant bacteria,Gram-negative bacteria producing extended-spectrumβ-lactases,atypical pathogens,etc.It can be used as one of the treatment options for CAP.However,due to limited clinical research data and the short clinical application time of the drug,more clinical studies are still needed to verify its efficacy as a monotherapy or in combination with other antibiotics for severe pneumonia patients.

关 键 词：奥马环素 社区获得性肺炎 抗菌活性 药动学特性 临床疗效 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品] R969.1[医药卫生—药学]