表观遗传修饰在糖尿病周围神经病变中的作用  

Role of Epigenetic Modification in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

作　　者：王澍 焦洋[1] WANG Shu;JIAO Yang(Department of Anesthesiology,Tianjin Medical University General Hospital,Tianjin 300052,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学总医院麻醉科,天津300052

出　　处：《医学综述》2024年第21期2608-2613,共6页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：天津市教委科研计划项目(2021KJ213)。

摘　　要：糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)是糖尿病最常见的慢性并发症,严重影响患者的生活质量。DPN的发病机制涉及多种因素,其中遗传因素起重要作用,但现有研究对不改变DNA序列的表观遗传机制的关注较少。与糖尿病相关的环境因素、生活方式等因素会影响表观遗传状态,通过DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、非编码RNA作用及RNA甲基化等一系列表观遗传修饰改变,引起多种靶基因的表达变化以响应环境刺激,且持续的表观遗传变化还是代谢记忆的主要驱动力,而后者是糖尿病并发症临床难治的原因。深入研究表观遗传机制,可为DPN的临床治疗提供新思路。Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN)is the most prevalent chronic complication in patients with diabetes mellitus,significantly impairing their quality of life.The pathogenesis of DPN involves multiple factors,among which genetic factors play an important role,but existing studies have paid less attention to the contribution of epigenetic mechanisms that do not alter the DNA sequence.Diabetogenic environmental influences and lifestyle can affect the epigenetic status.These alterations occur through various epigenetic modifications,including DNA methylation,histone modification,non-coding RNA activity,and RNA methylation,leading to changes of multiple target gene expressions in response to environmental stimuli.Furthermore,persistent epigenetic alterations serve as a pivotal driver of metabolic memory,which poses a significant challenge in the management of diabetic complications.A focused exploration and comprehensive understanding of epigenetic mechanisms hold the potential to uncover novel therapeutic strategies for the clinical management of DPN.

关 键 词：糖尿病周围神经病变 表观遗传学 代谢记忆 

分 类 号：R745[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]