Spatially distributed cytokinins:Metabolism,signaling,and transport  

作　　者：Jiangzhe Zhao Jingqi Wang Jie Liu Penghong Zhang Guzel Kudoyarova Chang-Jun Liu Kewei Zhang 

机构地区：[1]Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants,College of Life Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua,Zhejiang 321004,P.R.China [2]Ufa Institute of Biology,Ufa Federal Research Center,RAS,Prospekt Oktyabrya 69,Ufa 450054,Russia [3]Biology Department,Brookhaven National Laboratory,Upton,NY 11973,USA

出　　处：《Plant Communications》2024年第7期52-67,共16页植物通讯（英文）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32370334,32100270 to J.Z.;31470370 to K.Z.);the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(grants LZ23C020001 to K.Z.and LY22C020003 to J.Z.).

摘　　要：Cytokinins are mobile phytohormones that regulate plant growth,development,and environmental adaptability.The major cytokinin species include isopentenyl adenine(iP),trans-zeatin(tZ),cis-zeatin(cZ),and dihydrozeatin(DZ).The spatial distributions of different cytokinin species in different organelles,cells,tissues,and organs are primarily shaped by biosynthesis via isopentenyltransferases(IPT),cytochrome P450 monooxygenase,and 50-ribonucleotide phosphohydrolase and by conjugation or catabolism via glycosyltransferase or cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase.Cytokinins bind to histidine receptor kinases in the endoplasmic reticulum or plasma membrane and relay signals to response regulators in the nucleus via shuttle proteins known as histidine phosphotransfer proteins.The movements of cytokinins from sites of biosynthesis to sites of signal perception usually require long-distance,intercellular,and intracellular transport.In the past decade,ATP-binding cassette(ABC)transporters,purine permeases(PUP),AZA-GUANINE RESISTANT(AZG)transporters,equilibrative nucleoside transporters(ENT),and Sugars Will Eventually Be Exported transporters(SWEET)have been characterized as involved in cytokinin transport processes.This review begins by introducing the spatial distributions of various cytokinins and the subcellular localizations of the proteins involved in their metabolism and signaling.Highlights focus on an inventory of the characterized transporters involved in cytokinin compartmentalization,including long-distance,intercellular,and intracellular transport,and the regulation of the spatial distributions of cytokinins by environmental cues.Future directions for cytokinin research are also discussed.

关 键 词：CYTOKININ BIOSYNTHESIS TRANSPORTER signal transduction environmental changes 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]