基于蒙特利尔认知评估量表的上海市45~65岁社区女性认知水平及轻度认知障碍分布特征的横断面研究  

Cognitive health and distribution of mild cognitive impairment of women aged 45-65 in communities of Shanghai:a cross-sectional study based on Montreal cognitive assessment

作　　者：黄雨 陈红 金晨阳 张雨格 蒋伟利 赵琦[1,2] 朱丽萍 徐飚[1,2] HUANG Yu;CHEN Hong;JIN Chenyang;ZHANG Yuge;JIANG Weili;ZHAO Qi;ZHU Liping;XU Biao(Department of Epidemiology,School of Public Health,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China;Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment,National Health Commission,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China;Department of Health Care for Women,Shanghai Fengxian Center for Women and Children′s Health,Shanghai 201400,China;Shanghai Municipal Center for Health Promotion,Shanghai 200040,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,上海200032 [2]复旦大学国家卫生健康委员会卫生技术评估重点实验室,上海200032 [3]上海市奉贤区妇幼保健所妇女保健科,上海201400 [4]上海市健康促进中心,上海200040

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2024年第9期1023-1029,1111,共8页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：上海市公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2020-2022)妇幼整链式全生命周期健康管理服务模式优化(GWV-9.4)。

摘　　要：目的了解上海市45~65岁社区女性的认知水平,掌握该人群的轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)分布特征及其影响因素。方法以上海市8个区自愿参加骨健康队列的45~65岁社区女性为对象,使用一般情况调查表收集人口社会学特征、生活方式、绝经状态、生育史和慢性病患病等信息;使用蒙特利尔认识评估量表(Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA)测量研究对象的认知功能并筛选MCI患者,采用多因素logistic回归分析模型分析MCI患病的影响因素。结果本研究共完成2205名45~65岁社区女性的问卷调查和MoCA评分,MoCA平均得分为(26.47±3.14)分,MCI患病率为10.25%。多元logistic回归分析模型分析结果显示,MCI患病风险与年龄呈正相关(OR=2.393,95%CI:1.345~4.256);相较于小学及以下受教育水平,初中(OR=0.375,95%CI:0.240~0.585)、高中或中专(OR=0.185,95%CI:0.115~0.298)和大专及以上(OR=0.067,95%CI:0.033~0.135)学历女性的MCI患病风险下降;居住在市区(OR=0.563,95%CI:0.405~0.785)、饮食荤素均衡(OR=0.678,95%CI:0.466~0.986)的45~65岁社区女性的MCI患病风险低于居住在郊区和饮食以素食为主的女性。结论上海市45~65岁社区女性MCI的患病率为10.25%。年龄、文化程度、居住区和饮食习惯与45~65岁社区女性MCI患病风险有关。社区开展围绝经期和绝经早期女性人群认知功能评价,可为探讨早期干预策略,延缓MCI进程提供基础依据。Objective To investigate the cognitive level of women aged 45-65 in the community in Shanghai,and to describe the distribution of mild cognitive impairment(MCI)and its influencing factors.Methods The study subjects were women aged 45-65 in communities of 8 districts in Shanghai who volunteered to participate in the"bone health cohort".General information questionnaire was used to collect demographic information,lifestyle,menopausal status,reproductive history and chronic disease.Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)was used to measure cognitive function and screen for patients with MCI.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of MCI.Results A total of 2205 women aged 45-65 in communities completed the questionnaire interview and MoCA-B assessment.The average score of MoCA-B was(26.47±3.14),points and the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment(MCI)was 10.25%.The results of the multivariate Logistic regression showed that the incidence of MCI was positively correlated with age(OR=2.393,95%CI:1.345-4.256).Compared to those with the education level of primary school or below,women completed junior high school(OR=0.375,95%CI:0.240-0.585),senior high school or technical school(OR=0.185,95%CI:0.115-0.298)and college or above(OR=0.067,95%CI:0.033-0.135)had a reduced risk ofMCI.The risk ofMCI in participating women living in urban areas(OR=0.563,95%CI:0.405-0.785)was significantly lower than those living in rural areas,and women having a balanced diet(OR=0.678,95%CI:0.466-0.986)also had a significantly lower risk of MCI than those having a vegetarian diet.Conclusions The prevalence of MCI among women aged 45-65 in communities of Shanghai was 10.25%.Age,education,living area and dietary habit were associated with MCI prevalence.Cognitive function assessment on women at peri-menopausal and early menopausal stage in community could provide basic evidences for developing early intervention strategies to prevent MCI and its progression.

关 键 词：轻度认知障碍 蒙特利尔认知评估量表 社区女性 绝经 

分 类 号：R749.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]