有机蒙脱石/聚氨酯海绵复合气凝胶去除疏水性有机污染物性能  

Preparation of Organic Montmorillonite/Polyurethane Sponge Composite Aerogel for Removal of Hydrophobic Organic Contaminants

作　　者：何诗雅 刘相君 韦寿淑 陈情泽[1,2,3] 朱润良 HE Shiya;LIU Xiangjun;WEI Shoushu;CHEN Qingze;ZHU Runliang(Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Material,Guangzhou 510640,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science,Guangzhou 510640,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所矿物学与成矿学重点实验室/广东省矿物物理与材料开发重点实验室,广州510640 [2]中国科学院深地科学卓越创新中心,广州510640 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2024年第10期3205-3216,共12页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2020347);广东省自然科学基金杰出青年基金项(2023B1515020006);广东省科技计划项目(2023B1212060048)。

摘　　要：疏水性有机污染物对生态系统和人类健康造成了严重危害,亟需开发低成本、高效、环保及可再生的吸附剂用于去除疏水性有机污染物。通过超声溶胀和冷冻干燥法制得密度低(34.61 mg/cm^(3))、疏水性强和可燃性低的有机蒙脱石/聚氨酯海绵复合气凝胶。对该复合气凝胶的形貌和结构进行了分析,并探究了其对疏水性有机污染物、油和有机溶剂的吸附/吸收能力。结果表明:有机蒙脱石/聚氨酯海绵复合气凝胶对苯蒸汽的静态吸附量可达682.3mg/g,对溶液中双酚A和硝基苯的吸附量分别为339.8 mg/g和137.0 mg/g,对不同油和有机溶剂的吸收量为20.8~37.0 g/g,且具有良好的可重复利用性。此外,有机蒙脱石/聚氨酯海绵复合气凝胶对实际污水中的有机物也有较好的吸收性能(7.12 g/g),且易于回收利用,有望作为一种高效的蒙脱石基吸附材料应用于污染控制领域。Introduction Hydrophobic organic pollutants in industrial wastewater and oil spillage have attracted wide attention.It is thus important to develop a variety of adsorbents like activated carbon,biochar,zeolite,graphene,etc..However,carbon-based porous materials exhibit poor thermal stability and flammability, having secure risks during high-temperature applications andthermal regeneration processes. Silicon-based porous materials like zeolite are complex to prepare and difficult to effectivelyremove multiple organic pollutants simultaneously. Montmorillonite-based adsorbents become popular due to their low costand environmental friendliness. However, montmorillonite as a powder has challenges in practical applications such asclogging, leakage, and recovery difficulties. It is thus effective in converting montmorillonite into fixed-form aerogelmaterials.Polyurethane sponge (PU) as an ideal substrate for developing porous aerogels can enhance the mechanical properties ofthe adsorbents due to its biodegradability, affordability, low density, and customizable dimensions. In this paper, low-density,recyclable, and cost-effective organic montmorillonite/polyurethane sponge composite aerogels were prepared via ultrasonicswelling and freeze-drying. The composite aerogel was evaluated for its adsorption/absorption capabilities towards benzene,bisphenol A, nitrobenzene, oils, and organic solvents. In addition, the reusability and flammability characteristics of theaerogel were also analyzed.Methods An organic montmorillonite (i.e., C16Mnt) was prepared with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide to modifymontmorillonite. 1 g C16Mnt was added to 20 mL organic solvent (the mass ratio of cyclohexane to tertiary butanol is 9:1) toprepare a suspension C16Mnt. Chitosan sol was then introduced into the suspension C16Mnt and agitated in a water bath at50℃ for 3 h, yielding a homogeneous sol. Subsequently, PU was immersed in the sol for 5 min to ensure a completeabsorption. The sol-loaded PU was subsequently aged at 25℃ for 12 h, facil

关 键 词：蒙脱石 气凝胶 吸附 有机污染物 油/水分离 

分 类 号：X131.2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]