航空发动机燃烧室轴向旋流与横向射流相互作用实验研究  

Experimental Study on the Interaction Between Axial Swirl and Transverse Jet in Aero-engine Combustor

作　　者：代兴宇 袁成 田伟 DAI Xingyu;YUAN Chen;TIAN Wei(School of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Sichuan Research Institute,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Chengdu 610213,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学航空航天学院,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学四川研究院,成都610213

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2024年第10期3013-3021,共9页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.91941301)。

摘　　要：在航空发动机燃烧室中,旋流器生成的轴向旋流与主燃孔及掺混孔生成的横向射流之间的相互作用是保证燃烧室高效掺混、稳定燃烧的主要手段。本文利用高分辨率粒子图像测速技术(Particle image velocimetry, PIV)对航空发动机单头部燃烧室内的冷态流场进行了测量(来流速度15 m/s、来流温度295 K),进而通过对流场内旋涡结构及湍流统计特性的分析揭示了燃烧室内部轴向旋流与横向射流的相互作用机制。研究表明:燃烧室中心回流区是由来自燃烧室头部的旋流在流场中形成低压区与横向射流的截断共同作用形成的,横向射流引起的强剪切作用加速了由旋流主导的中心回流区的形成;在轴向旋流作用下,横向射流在燃烧室流场中的作用范围增大,增强了与周围主流流场的动量输运;此外,横向射流与强旋流的耦合使得燃烧室下游流场湍流强度显著增加,因此该区域流动具有较高的掺混能力,从而导致燃烧室出口速度分布更加均匀。In aero-engine combustor,the interaction between the axial swirl and the transverse jets generated by the primary holes and the dilution holes ensures the efficient mixing and stable combustion in the combustor.In the present study,a high resolution particle image velocimetry(PIV)system is used to measure the detailed flow field in the aero-engine combustor.The interaction mechanism between the axial swirl and transverse jet in the combustor is revealed through the comprehensive analysis of the vortex structures and turbulent statistical characteristics.The result indicates that the central recirculation zone in the combustor is formed by the combined effect of the low pressure zone generated by the swirling flow and the cut-off effect of the transverse jet on the main stream.The strong shear caused by the transverse jet obviously accelerates the formation of the central recirculation zone.In addition,the affected area of transverse jet in the combustor is enlarged under the effect of swirling flow,which highly enhances the momentum transport between the transverse jet and the surrounding main stream.In the region downstream the primary hole,the turbulence intensity is highly enhanced due to the interaction of transverse jet and swirling flow,resulting in a more uniform velocity distribution in the region near the outlets of combustor.

关 键 词：航空发动机燃烧室 轴向旋流 横向射流 相互作用 粒子图像测速技术 

分 类 号：V231.2[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]