智慧城市试点对邻地环境的空间溢出效应  

Spatial spillover effects of smart city pilot on neighboring environments

作　　者：白洋 邱子芮 BAI Yang;QIU Zirui(School of Economics and Management,China University of Petroleum,Qingdao 266555,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)经济管理学院,青岛266555

出　　处：《资源科学》2024年第8期1651-1667,共17页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72274216;72274095)。

摘　　要：【目的】智慧城市将新一代信息技术应用于资源与环境管理,助推城市可持续发展。现有研究关注智慧城市的本地环境治理效果,却忽视了其可能对邻地污染的影响,以及对邻近智慧城市和非智慧城市的差异性溢出效果。【方法】基于2005—2020年中国217个地级市面板数据,将智慧城市试点作为准自然实验,利用空间杜宾双重差分模型评估智慧城市建设的“本地-邻地”污染效应。【结果】研究发现:①智慧城市政策对邻地的污染排放在4种空间矩阵下均有显著的正向溢出效应,经过数据缩尾、证伪检验、排除其他政策影响及内生性检验后依然成立。②政策时空动态效应分析结果显示智慧城市对污染的溢出效应在时间上存在滞后性,而在空间距离上遵循地理距离衰减规律。③机制研究表明,智慧城市建设形成区域创新效应,通过知识溢出使智慧城市污染减少,但导致传统重工重污染产业向邻近非智慧城市转移而使其污染增加。【结论】智慧城市政策虽然改善了本地环境,但是产生了“以邻为壑”的环境污染现象,污染主要转入了邻近的非智慧城市。政府应强化智慧城市政策中“协同治理”概念,加强相邻地区地方政府间,特别是智慧城市与邻接非智慧城市之间的区域联防联控措施。[Objective]Smart cities apply the next generation information technology to resource and environmental management to promote sustainable urban development.Existing studies focus on the local environmental governance effects of smart cities,but ignore their possible impacts on the environmental pollution of neighboring areas and differential spillover effects on neighboring smart cities and non-smart cities.[Methods]Based on the panel data of 217 prefecture-level cities in China from 2005 to 2020,the smart city pilot was taken as a quasi-natural experiment,and the local area-neighboring area pollution effect of smart city construction was evaluated by using the spatial Dubin differential model.[Results]The study found that:(1)Smart city policies had significant positive spillover effects on neighboring area pollution emissions under the four spatial matrices,and the results are still valid after the robustness test of data winsorization,falsification test,exclusion of other policy effects,and endogeneity test.(2)The analysis of the spatiotemporal dynamic effect of policies showed that the spillover effects of smart cities on pollution had a time lag,while the spatial distance followed the attenuation law of geographical distance.(3)The mechanism study showed that the construction of smart cities had a regional innovation effect,which reduced its pollution through knowledge spillover,but led to the transfer of traditional heavy industry and heavy polluting industries to neighboring non-smart cities and increased their pollution.[Conclusion]Although smart city policies optimize the local environment,they produce a“beggar-thy-neighbor”environmental pollution phenomenon,especially that mainly neighboring non-smart cities bear the pollution transfer.The government should emphasize the concept of collaborative governance in smart city policies and strengthen the awareness of regional joint prevention and control between local governments in neighboring areas,especially between smart cities and neighboring non-smart

关 键 词：智慧城市 污染转移 空间溢出效应 空间双重差分 区域协同治理 中国 

分 类 号：X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F49[经济管理—产业经济] F299.2