纳米硒饲料添加剂在盐碱胁迫抗性提升中的应用前景  

Application Prospect of Nano-Selenium Feed Additive in Improving Saline-Alkali Stress Resistance

作　　者：车兴华 耿龙武[1] 尚信池 张晴 魏海军 李望 徐伟[1] CHE Xinghua;GENG Longwu;SHANG Xinchi;ZHANG Qing;WEI Haijun;LI Wang;XU Wei(Heilongjiang Institute of Fisheries,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Heilongjiang Harbin 150070,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 200135,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Liaoning Dalian 116000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海200135 [3]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116000

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第20期144-152,共9页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目[2023YFD2401003];中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目[2023TD59]。

摘　　要：我国“三北”内陆地区拥有大量的盐碱湖泊、地下咸水和盐碱沼泽等水资源,由于水体具有高盐度、高碳酸盐碱度、高硬度和离子组成复杂等特点,在渔业生产开发利用中存在苗种成活率低、生长缓慢、饲料成本高、经济效益差等问题,严重限制了盐碱水渔业的快速发展。硒(Se)是水生动物必需的微量元素之一,在提高机体免疫和抗逆性等方面的功效显著,有利于缓解盐碱胁迫等非生物胁迫对机体产生的氧化损伤。文章分析了我国盐碱水域渔业开发所面临的难题,纳米硒在清除自由基、提高抗氧化和免疫水平的优势。在盐碱水渔业生产中,纳米硒将有可能作为功能性饲料添加剂,提高鱼类的生产性能和耐盐碱性。China's"three North"inland areas have many saline-alkali lakes,underground saltwater and saline-alkali marsh,and other water resources.Due to the characteristics of high salinity,high carbonate alkalinity,high hardness,and complex ionic composition,there are some problems in fishery production,such as low survival rate of juvenile fish,slow growth,high feed cost,and poor economic benefit,which seriously limit the rapid development of saline-alkali water fishery.Selenium(Se)is one of the essential trace elements in aquatic animals.It plays a significant role in improving the immunity and stress resistance of the body and alleviates the oxidative damage caused by abiotic stress,such as salt-alkali stress.This article analyzes the difficulties faced by fishery exploitation in saline-alkali waters in China and the advantages of nano-selenium in scavenging free radicals and improving antioxidant and immune levels.In producing saline-alkali water fishery,nano-selenium may be used as a functional feed additive to improve fish production performance and saline-alkali tolerance.

关 键 词：盐碱水 渔业 纳米硒 饲料添加剂 应用前景 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]