今本《古文尚书·汤诰》非伪书新证  

New Evidence Supporting the Authenticity of the"Tang Gao"(«z#»)in the Ancient Texts of Shang shu(«#»)

作　　者：庞光华[1,2] Pang Guanghua(School of Liberal Arts,WuYi University,Jiangmen 529020,China)

机构地区：[1]五邑大学文学院,广东江门529020 [2]北京大学

出　　处：《中国文字研究》2024年第1期161-169,共9页The Study of Chinese Characters

摘　　要：今本《古文尚书》的《汤诰》从南宋以来被学术界怀疑为所谓“伪古文尚书”之一。本文列举了十八条证据证明今本《汤诰》一定是商代的古本文献,不可能是魏晋人所能伪造的。本文将西汉以前引述《汤诰》的古文献和今本《汤诰》逐一予以精密的比对,论证了只能是春秋战国的文献引述今本《汤诰》,不可能是今本《汤诰》在那些文献的基础上创作而成。尤其是本文发现了今本《汤诰》的“惟皇上帝”一语可与西周金文精准对应,也与清华简精准对应,这是证明今本《汤诰》不伪的坚强证据。今本《汤诰》和《史记》所引《汤诰》是古本《汤诰》的上下篇,都是先秦的真实文献。先秦墨家所传的《尚书》文本和对《尚书》的阐释,与儒家的传本和阐释有所不同。儒家的《尚书》传本和阐释比墨家更可信。The"Tang Gao"in the current version of the"Ancient Texis of Shangshu"has been doubted by the academic community as one of the so-called"fake ancient texts of Shangshu"since the Southern Song Dynasty,This article presents seventeen pieces of evidence to prove that the current version of the"Tang Gao"rmust be an ancient text from the Shang Dynasty and cannot be aforgery by individuals from the Wei and Jin periods,The paper meticulously compares the ancient texts that quoted the"Tang Gao"before the Western Han Dynasty with the current version.demonstrating that only texts from the Spring and Autunn and Warring States periods could have quoted the present"Tang Gao".It argues against the possibility that the current"Tang Gao"was created based on those ancient texts,In particular,the artidle discovers that the phrase"H"("Only the Supreme Fmperor")in the current"Tang Gao"precisely corresponds to the Western Zhou inscriptions and the Qinghua bamboo slips,providing strong evidenoc that the current"Tang Gao"is authentic.Both the current"Tang Gao"and the"Tang Gao"quoted in the"Records of the Grand Historian"constitute the upper and lower soctions of the ancient"Tang Gao"and are authentie texts from the pre-Qin period,The textual transmission and interpretations of the"Shangshu"hy the pre-Qin Mohist school differ from those of the Confucian school,The Confucian school's transtmission and interpretations of the"Shangshu"are considerel more reliable than those of thc Mohist school.

关 键 词：《古文尚书》 《汤诰》 伪书 新证 

分 类 号：G256[文化科学—图书馆学] K22[历史地理—历史学]