栽培芝麻分布、起源与驯化  

Distribution,origin and domestication of cultivated sesame

作　　者：游均 郭元章[2] 赵应忠[1] 王林海[1] YOU Jun;GUO Yuan-zhang;ZHAO Ying-zhong;WANG Lin-hai(Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430062,China;Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050035,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,农业农村部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,湖北武汉430062 [2]河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所,河北石家庄050035

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2024年第5期959-968,共10页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-OCRI);湖北省国际科技合作计划项目(2022EHB034);湖北省农业科技创新项目(2021-620-000-001-035);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-14)。

摘　　要：芝麻是我国传统的优质油料作物,也是世界上广泛种植的六大油料作物之一。随着芝麻基因组物理图谱的发布,芝麻生物学研究越来越多,但其起源和驯化还有较大争议。本文综述了栽培芝麻在全球分布的变化与现状、栽培芝麻起源与驯化及其野生近缘种相关研究进展,从历史文献角度论述了我国“芝麻”与“胡麻”名称混淆的原因,推荐了芝麻生物系统分类中科名和属名的中文译名,为深入和科学地认识、研究、利用芝麻及其近缘种提供理论参考。Sesame is a traditional high-quality oil crop in China,and it is also one of the sixth largest oil crop widely planted in the world.With the release of the physical map of sesame genome,there are more and more biological studies on sesame,but its origin and domestication are still controversial.This paper summarizes the change and current status of the global distribution of cultivated sesame,the progress of research related to the origin and domestication of cultivated sesame and its wild relatives.From the perspective of historical documents,the reasons for the confusion between the Chinese names of“Zhima”and"Huma"is discussed,and the Chinese translation of the family name and genus name in the taxonomy of sesame is recommended.The review will provide theoretical ref⁃erence for the in-depth and scientific understanding,research and utilization of sesame and its relative species.

关 键 词：芝麻 分布 起源 驯化 分类 

分 类 号：S565.3[农业科学—作物学]