BRAF抑制剂治疗恶性实体肿瘤专家共识(2024版)  

Expert consensus on BRAF inhibitors in the treatment of malignant solid tumors(2024 edition)

作　　者：中华医学会肿瘤学分会 中国临床肿瘤学会罕见肿瘤委员会 林桐榆 焦顺昌[4] Oncology Society of Chinese Medical Association;Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology Expert Committee on Rare Tumors;Lin Tongyu;Jiao Shunchang(不详;Department of Oncology,Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Sichuan Cancer Hospital&Institute,Sichuan Cancer Center Chengdu 610041,China;Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center,Guangzhou 510060,China;Department of Oncology,Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100039,China)

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]电子科技大学附属肿瘤医院肿瘤内科、四川省肿瘤医院研究所、四川省癌症中心,成都610041 [3]中山大学肿瘤防治中心肿瘤内科,广州510060 [4]解放军总医院第一医学中心肿瘤内科,北京100039

出　　处：《中华肿瘤杂志》2024年第10期919-929,共11页Chinese Journal of Oncology

基　　金：中国南方临床研究协会临床研究(CSWOG202101004,CSWOG202101002);四川省卫生健康委员会科技项目(23LCYJ025)。

摘　　要：全球老龄化的背景下恶性肿瘤发病率不断提高,加剧了全球恶性肿瘤的疾病负担,预计2040年全球恶性肿瘤新发病例数将达2800万例。随着肿瘤分子生物学研究进展和二代测序技术的广泛应用,肿瘤精准治疗在临床上已取得了显著的进步。靶向BRAF治疗是肿瘤精准医疗成功的案例之一,BRAF基因突变可导致丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路下游激酶的无限制激活,促进肿瘤细胞快速增殖。BRAF抑制剂单药或联合应用已在黑色素瘤、非小细胞肺癌、甲状腺癌、结直肠癌及脑胶质瘤等多个癌种中获批适应证,相关临床研究亦在不断探索中,但是国内尚无汇总BRAF抑制剂在恶性实体肿瘤中应用的共识。文章整合BRAF抑制剂在恶性实体肿瘤领域的临床证据,制定了BRAF抑制剂治疗恶性实体肿瘤专家共识以推进并指导BRAF抑制剂在恶性实体肿瘤领域的规范应用。The global aging population is leading to an increasing incidence of cancer,exacerbating the global burden of cancer.By 2040,the total number of cancer patients worldwide is projected to reach 28 million.With advancements in tumor molecular biology research and the widespread application of next-generation sequencing technology,precision treatment for cancer has made significant progress in clinical settings.Selective targeting of the Braf gene has emerged as one of the early successful cases of precision medicine for tumors.Braf gene mutations can result in unrestricted activation of downstream kinases in the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)cell signaling pathway,promoting rapid proliferation of tumor cells.BRAF inhibitors,either as monotherapy or in combination with MEK inhibitor,have been approved for various cancers,including melanoma,non-small cell lung cancer,thyroid cancer,colorectal cancer and glioma,among others.Clinical studies related to BRAF inhibitors are continuously exploring new applications.However,there is currently no consensus on the use of BRAF inhibitors in the diagnosis and treatment of multiple solid cancers in China.This article integrates clinical evidence of Braf mutations in multiple solid cancers to establish an expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of malignant solid cancers with Braf gene mutations.The goal is to promote and guide the standardized application of BRAF inhibitors.

关 键 词：恶性肿瘤 精准治疗 BRAF 不良反应 

分 类 号：R730.5[医药卫生—肿瘤]