高中生领悟社会支持、应对方式对焦虑及抑郁的影响  

Effects of Perceived Social Support and Coping Style on Anxiety and Depression in Senior High School Students

作　　者：姜华东 樊珍[1] 苏倩 宁雅童 张燕[3] 苏艳丽[1] JIANG Huadong;FAN Zhen;SU Qian;NING Yatong;ZHANG Yan;SU Yanli(Psychological Department of Xi’an Mental Health Center,Xi'an 710100,Shaanxi,China;Hospital Office,Hanzhong Nanzheng District Psychiatric Hospital,Hanzhong 723101,Shaanxi,China;Pharmaceutical Laboratory of Xi’an Mental Health Center,Xi'an 710100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安市精神卫生中心心理科,陕西西安710100 [2]汉中市南郑区精神专科医院医院办公室,陕西汉中723101 [3]西安市精神卫生中心药学实验室,陕西西安710100

出　　处：《医学信息》2024年第20期39-45,共7页Journal of Medical Information

基　　金：西安市科技局项目(编号:201805051ZD2CG35)。

摘　　要：目的探究领悟社会支持对高中生焦虑、抑郁症状的影响,以及应对方式在其中的作用机制。方法2023年3月-4月采用一般资料调查问卷表、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、抑郁症筛查量表(PHQ-9)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)和简易应对方式量表(SCSQ),对来自陕西省某高中的1473名高中生进行调查,通过偏差矫正的Bootstrap法进行中介效应检验。结果高中生GAD-7平均得分为(5.02±3.88)分,检出焦虑症状者709人(48.13%);PHQ-9得分为(5.95±4.70)分,检出抑郁症状者776人(52.68%)。不同性别、年级、是否为班干部、应对方式高中生GAD-7得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别、年级、是否为班干部、父母是否离异、应对方式高中生PHQ-9得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高中生的GAD-7得分与PHQ-9、SCSQ消极维度得分呈正相关(r=0.749、0.302,P<0.05),与PSSS得分、SCSQ积极维度得分呈负相关(r=-0.350、-0.248,P<0.05);高中生的PHQ-9得分与PSSS、SCSQ积极维度、SCSQ消极维度得分呈负相关(r=-0.452、-0.304,P<0.05),与SCSQ消极维度得分呈正相关(r=0.330,P<0.05);积极应对方式和消极应对方式在领悟社会支持对焦虑、抑郁影响中的平行中介效应有统计学意义,中介效应占比分别为31.97%和26.19%。结论高中生中焦虑和抑郁症状的检出率较高,提高高中生对社会支持的认知和理解,积极鼓励他们采取积极的应对方式,减少消极应对方式的使用,可以有效降低他们的焦虑和抑郁水平。Objective To explore the effect of perceived social support on anxiety and depression symptoms of high school students,and the mechanism of coping style.Methods From March to April 2023,1473 high school students from a high school in Shaanxi Province were investigated by using the General Information Questionnaire,Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7),Patient Health Questionnaire 9(PHQ-9),Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS)and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ).The mediating effect was tested by the bias-corrected Bootstrap method.Results The average score of GAD-7 was(5.02±3.88),and 709 students(48.13%)had anxiety symptoms.The average score of PHQ-9 score was(5.95±4.70),and 776 people(52.68%)had depressive symptoms.There were statistically significant differences in GAD-7 scores among high school students of different genders,grades,class cadres or not,and coping styles(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in PHQ-9 scores among high school students of different genders,grades,whether they were class cadres,whether their parents were divorced,and coping styles(P<0.05).The GAD-7 score of high school students was positively correlated with the scores of PHQ-9 and SCSQ negative dimensions(r=0.749,0.302,P<0.05),and negatively correlated with the scores of PSSS and SCSQ positive dimensions(r=-0.350,-0.248,P<0.05).The PHQ-9 score of high school students was negatively correlated with PSSS,SCSQ positive dimension and SCSQ negative dimension(r=-0.452,-0.304,P<0.05),and positively correlated with SCSQ negative dimension(r=0.330,P<0.05).The parallel mediating effect of positive coping style and negative coping style in the influence of perceived social support on anxiety and depression was statistically significant,and the mediating effect accounted for 31.97%and 26.19%respectively.Conclusion The detection rate of anxiety and depression among high school students is high.It can effectively reduce their anxiety and depression levels by improving their cognition and understanding of social sup

关 键 词：焦虑 抑郁 高中生 领悟社会支持 应对方式 

分 类 号：R444[医药卫生—诊断学]