丝绸之路开通前塔里木盆地交通格局  

Transportation Pattern of the Tarim Basin before the Silk Road Was Opened

作　　者：陈晓露[1] Chen Xiaolu

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学历史学院

出　　处：《历史研究》2024年第7期4-28,M0003,共26页Historical Research

基　　金：古文字与中华文明传承发展工程规划项目了“考古学视野下的秦汉西北边疆治理与中华民族共同体意识的铸就”(G3932)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：青铜时代起,塔里木盆地开始存在一定规模的人类活动。到青铜时代晚期,盆地南北两侧经由克里雅河连接实现南北贯通。公元前1千纪初起,盆地环境恶化,克里雅河下游人类活动南移,盆地内部整体交通格局一度呈现“工”字形。张骞“凿空”后,东西向的交流超越南北向,丝绸之路“南北两道”确立。塔里木盆地从史前时期开始就存在的持续内部交流,为丝绸之路的开通提供文化基础,而通过丝绸之路,盆地成为沟通亚欧大陆东西文化的重要节点,促进文化进一步繁荣。Human activity in the Tarim Basin can be traced all the way back to the Bronze Age,with the Keriya River already connecting its northern and southern edges by the Late Bronze Age.At the beginning of the lst millennium BC,however,conditions in the basin began to deteriorate,forcing humans in the lower reaches of the Keriya River southward,with the transportation patterns in the basin appearing the shape of an"H"thrown on its side.Following Zhang Qian's exploration,people's movement increased between the East and West and firmly established the Basin's northern and southern Silk Road passageways.Continuous exchange within the Basin from prehistoric times has provided the cultural foundation for the Silk Road,ensuring its importance as a channel for communication between Eastern and Western Eurasia and a guarantee of cultural prosperity.

关 键 词：文明交流互鉴 塔里木盆地 丝绸之路 交通史 

分 类 号：P61[天文地球—矿床学]