高校组织自主权的规范内涵与制度构造  

The Normative Connotation and Institutional Construction of University Organizational Autonomy

作　　者：郑磊[1] ZHENG Lei(School of Law,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学法学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《重庆高教研究》2024年第6期52-63,共12页Chongqing Higher Education Research

基　　金：河南省高校人文社会科学研究一般项目“国家事权定位下的教材立法问题研究”(2025-ZZJH-001)。

摘　　要：组织自主权是《高等教育法》确认的7项高校办学自主权之一,是科学设计高校内部治理结构和组织框架的法理基点。组织自主权是指高校有权自主决定设立哪些组织机构,以及这些组织机构的组成、职权和议事规则。高校组织自主权形成于改革开放后国家对机构编制管理事项的放权实践,具有保障学术自由的规范意义。对高校组织自主权规范内涵与制度构造的阐释,应置于内外部关系的双重视角下。在高校和国家的外部关系中,组织自主权的制度性保障要求限制国家公权力对高校法人治理机构、内部组织机构的设置及职权配置的不当干预。基于党管机构编制原则和学术自由的组织保障义务,党内法规和国家立法仍需适度介入高校组织机构事项。其中,国家立法侧重高校法人治理结构设计的规整,党内法规侧重高校内部组织机构设置和人员配备的调控。两种外部规范构成高校组织自主权行使的法定基准和框架性规定。在高校内部,学校党委和校长作为组织自主权的决定主体,负有通过章程、党委文件和校内规章以及其他适当的组织措施,在“外规内化”和“内规细化”两个维度上完善高校组织自主权内部运行机制的主体责任,以确保组织自主权的行使遵循必要、精简和效能原则。高校组织法的外延大于党内法规和国家法律意义上的机构编制法,不纳入机构编制核定范围的议事协调机构、新型教学科研机构等,应纳入高校党委文件和校内组织规章调整范围。Organizational autonomy is one of the seven recognized autonomy rights of higher education institutions in the Higher Education Law,and it is the legal basis for scientifically designing the internal governance structure and organizational framework of universities.Organizational autonomy refers to the right of universities to independently decide which organizational structures to establish,as well as the composition,powers,and rules of procedure of these organizational structures.In China,the autonomy of university organizations was formed through the practice of delegating power to institutional staffing management matters after the reform and opening up,and it has normative significance in safeguarding academic freedom.The interpretation of the normative connotation and institutional structure of organizational autonomy in universities should be analyzed from the dual perspectives of internal and external relationships.In the external relationship between universities and the state,the institutional guarantee of organizational autonomy requires limiting the improper intervention of state public power in the establishment and power allocation of corporate governance institutions and internal organizational structures in universities.Based on the principle of Party being in charge of organizational structure and the obligation to ensure academic freedom,Party regulations and national legislation still need to be moderately involved in university organizational matters.Among them,national legislation focuses on the standardization of corporate governance structure design in universities,while Party regulations focus on the regulation of internal organizational structure and personnel allocation in universities.Two external norms constitute the legal benchmarks and framework regulations for the exercise of organizational autonomy in universities.Within universities,the school Party committee and president,as the decision-making bodies of organizational autonomy,have the main responsibility to improve the internal

关 键 词：高校组织自主权 内部组织机构 党管机构编制 高校章程 

分 类 号：G644[文化科学—高等教育学] D922.1[文化科学—教育学]