传统蒙古包与现代预制装配式木结构建筑的融合设计实践研究  

Research on the Fusion Design Practice Between Traditional Mongolian Yurts and Modern Prefabricated Buildings of Wooden Construction

作　　者：塔拉[1] 毕力格巴图[1] Tala;Biligebatu(Mongolian Arts and Crafts Research Institute,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010010,Inner Mongolia,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学蒙古族工艺美术研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《林产工业》2024年第10期87-92,共6页China Forest Products Industry

基　　金：内蒙古自治区高校人文社会科学重点研究基地基金资助(KFSM-NYSK0206);内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研项目内蒙古农业大学青年教师科研能力提升专项(BR220209,BR22-13-17)。

摘　　要：蒙古包营造技艺是我国国家级非物质文化遗产之一,然而,面对现代建筑行业高效、灵活及批量化生产的需求,传统蒙古包结构和材料的局限性,难以满足现代社会和市场的多样化需求。鉴于此,对传统蒙古包结构体系进行分析,将现代木结构装配式建筑模块化、标准化及批量生产的优势,与传统蒙古包相融合,进行设计实践。结果表明:竖杆哈纳的设计提高了空间利用率和连体组合的灵活性,便于植入玻璃墙体解决采光问题;榫卯结构取代繁琐的传统皮筋和绳索加固方式,可提升装卸的便利性;预制件可批量生产,方便替换,降低维护成本;数控木雕技术则突破了材料使用局限。这些改进在生产效率、空间优化、后期维护等方面具有显著效果。竖杆哈纳的设计不如传统蒙古包网状哈纳结构受力均匀,有待进一步完善。Traditional Mongolian yurt is one of the traditional cultural heritages of China and has been in use ever since.However,when confronted with the urgent need of modern construction industry for efficiency,modular flexibility,and mass production,the structural and material characteristics of traditional Mongolian yurts fall short of satisfying the diverse demands of contemporary society and markets.In this study,the structural system of traditional Mongolian yurts was analyzed and it was integrated with the advantages of modularization,standardization and mass production of the modern wooden construction prefabricated buildings.The results showed that the design of vertical'Hana'poles improved spatial utilization and modular flexibility,facilitating the incorporation of glass walls to resolve lighting issues.The mortise-and-tenon joints replaced the cumbersome traditional reinforcement methods of rubber bands and ropes,enhancing the convenience of assembly and disassembly.The prefabricated components enabled mass production and easy replacement,reducing maintenance costs.CNC wood carving technology broke through material limitations.These improvements significantly enhanced production efficiency,spatial optimization,and long-term maintenance.However,the vertical'Hana'pole design was less effective in distributing loads evenly compared to the traditional Mongolian yurt's net-like'Hana'structure,which required further refinement.

关 键 词：传统蒙古包 装配式建筑 融合设计 榫卯结构 木结构 

分 类 号：TS6[轻工技术与工程] TS396