子代支持和社区环境对老年人心理健康的影响  

The Effect of Support from Adult Children and Community Environment on the Mental Health of Older People

作　　者：孙鹃娟[1,2] 孙可心 SUN Juanjuan;SUN Kexin(School of Population and Health,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Population Development Studies Center,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Institute of Gerontology,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学人口与健康学院,北京100872 [2]中国人民大学人口与发展研究中心,北京100872 [3]中国人民大学老年学研究所,北京100872

出　　处：《人口与发展》2024年第5期15-26,共12页Population and Development

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“积极应对人口老龄化国家战略中的家庭养老功能支持体系研究”(21ASH014)研究成果之一。

摘　　要：研究基于生态系统理论,使用2018年中国老年社会追踪调查数据,运用分层线性模型分析子代支持、社区环境对老年人心理健康状况的影响。研究结果表明:(1)子代支持对老年人的心理健康状况有显著影响,其经济支持、生活照料和精神慰藉对老年人的心理健康具有显著促进作用。(2)社区环境直接影响老年人的心理健康,社区休闲娱乐环境和个人发展环境越好,老年人的心理健康状况越好。(3)社区环境在子代支持对老年人心理健康的影响中发挥调节作用。社区休闲娱乐环境对于子代经济支持处于低水平的老年人的心理健康具有更强的保护作用;休闲娱乐环境能够强化子代精神慰藉对老年人心理健康的积极作用。因此,要以老年人的需求为中心,系统性、针对性地改善社区环境、增强子代支持,探索创建子代和社区联动模式,构建代际和谐的家庭环境和老年友好的社区环境。Based on the ecological systems theory,this paper uses the data of the 2018 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey to analyze the effects of support from adult children and community environment on the mental health of older people by a hierarchical linear model.The results show that:(1)Support from adult children has a significant positive impact on the mental health of older people,including their economic support,daily care,and spiritual comfort.(2)The community environment directly affects the mental health of older people.The better the recreation environment and personal development environment,the better the mental health of older people.(3)Community environment plays a moderating role in the influence of support from adult children on the mental health of older people.Recreation environment has a stronger protective effect on the mental health of older people with a low level of economic support,and it can enhance the positive effect of spiritual comfort on the mental health.Therefore,it is necessary to take the needs of older people as the center,systematically and specifically improve the community environment,enhance the support by adult children,explore a linkage model between adult children and community,and build an intergenerational harmonious family environment and an age-friendly community environment.

关 键 词：社区环境 子代支持 老年友好型社区 老年心理健康 分层线性模型 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理]