宋元汉文典籍中的契丹语言资料与辽代民族间的交往交流交融  

The Khitan Language Materials in the Chinese Classics of the Song and Yuan Dynasties&the Exchange,Interaction,and Integration among Ethnic Groups in the Liao Dynasty

作　　者：徐世康 XU Shi-kang(Shanghai Institute of Tourism,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学旅游学院,上海200234

出　　处：《内蒙古社会科学》2024年第5期57-63,共7页Inner Mongolia Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“辽朝契丹语言文字行用及相关问题研究”(编号:23FZSB028);上海市哲学社会科学规划冷门“绝学”、国别史等研究专项课题“辽代契丹语文献的跨学科研究”(编号:2019ZJX006)。

摘　　要：成书于元代的《辽史·国语解》,一方面受到其时多元化语言环境的影响,另一方面遵循中国古代“号从中国,名从主人”的翻译原则。汉文典籍中以音译与意译两种形式存在的契丹语词、句和短语,不仅是契、汉两种语言间交流与融合的表现,也为从契丹语文献中挖掘《辽史》史源提供了新线索。汉文契丹语言资料中保留的契丹“小字”以及契丹语“赐名”,是各民族人民对契丹文化接纳的见证。辽代汉官笔下有关契丹节日风俗记录中夹杂的丰富契丹语词汇,反映了辽代民族间在节日文化交流中的借鉴与融合,也是多民族文化在辽代社会中多元共存、交相辉映的真实写照。The Guoyujie,which was written in the Yuan Dynasty,was influenced by the diverse language environment of the time and the translation principle of giving a name after its master in ancient China.The Khitan words,sentences,and phrases that appear in both transliteration and free translation forms in Chinese classics not only demonstrate the communication and integration between the Khitan and Chinese languages,but also provide new clues for exploring the sources of History of Liao from Khitan literature.The Khitan names and bestowed names preserved in the Chinese materials are witnesses to the acceptance of Khitan culture by people of all ethnic groups.The rich transliteration of Khitan language vocabulary mixed in the records of Khitan festival customs by Han bureaucrats in the Liao Dynasty reflects the borrowing and integration of festival culture exchanges among ethnic groups.It is also a true portrayal of the diverse co-existence and mutual reflection of multi-ethnic cultures in the Liao Dynasty.

关 键 词：汉文典籍 《辽史·国语解》 契丹语词汇 皮钦语 交往交流交融 

分 类 号：K246[历史地理—历史学] H211.5[历史地理—中国史] G256[语言文字—少数民族语言]