煤化工含酚废水脱酚技术研究进展  

Research progress on removal of phenol from coal chemical wastewater

作　　者：阙建磊 王冠宇 寇丽红 刘敏 李兰廷 王昊 王亚强 张显学 QUE Jianlei;WANG Guanyu;KOU Lihong;LIU Min;Li Lanting;WANG Hao;WANG Yaqiang;ZHANG Xianxue(Tangshan Zhongrun Coal Chemical Ltd.,Tangshan 063000,China;China Coal Research Institute Corporation Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;National Energy Technology&Equipment Laboratory of Coal Utilization andEmission Control,Beijing 100013,China;CCTEG Low-carbon Technology Institute,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]唐山中润煤化工有限公司,河北唐山063611 [2]煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司,北京100013 [3]国家能源煤炭高效利用与节能减排技术装备重点实验室,北京100013 [4]中国煤科低碳技术研究院,北京100013

出　　处：《煤质技术》2024年第5期18-26,共9页Coal Quality Technology

基　　金：煤炭科学技术有限公司科技发展基金资助项目(2023CX-Ⅱ-01)。

摘　　要：煤化工含酚废水因高毒性和难处理等因素严重制约了我国煤化工行业的健康发展。从煤制气、煤制油及煤焦化过程对典型煤化工含酚废水的来源及其水质特征进行分析,重点从采用生化法、萃取法和高级氧化法脱酚技术阐述煤化工含酚废水的处理现状,归纳并总结其中的活性污泥法、酶处理法、物理萃取法、络合萃取法、液膜萃取法以及光催化氧化技术、电化学氧化技术、臭氧催化氧化技术、湿式空气氧化技术的适用范围和优缺点,经对比分析可知:生化法虽成本低、脱酚效果明显、无二次污染,但该方法一般只适用中低浓度含酚废水处理;萃取法因操作简单、运行稳定、可回收酚类化合物等优势而在实际工业应用中较为广泛,萃取剂的选择、萃取及反萃工艺的设计对脱酚效果和运行成本至关重要;高级氧化法以羟基自由基等强氧化性基团为活性物质将酚类化合物矿化降解,虽其脱酚效率高、占地小、无污染,但设备投资大、药剂和催化剂成本高、处理规模小且大部分技术还仅处于研究阶段,工业应用较少。相较而言,萃取法和高级氧化法更具研究潜力,多种脱酚技术联用将成为未来煤化工含酚废水工业应用的发展方向。The high toxicity and difficult treatment of phenol containing wastewater in coal chemical industry severely restrict the healthy development of China’s coal chemical industry.The sources and water quality characteristics of typical coal chemical wastewater from coal to gas,coal to oil,and coal coking processes were analyzed with a focus on the treatment status of coal chemical wastewater using biochemical,extraction,and advanced oxidation methods for phenol removal.The application scope and advantages and disadvantages of activated sludge method,enzyme treatment method,physical extraction method,complexation extraction method,liquid membrane extraction method,photocatalytic oxidation technology,electrochemical oxidation technology,ozone catalytic oxidation technology and wet air oxidation technology were summarized.It can be concluded through comparative analysis that although the biochemical method has low cost,obvious phenol removal effect and no secondary pollution,which is generally only suitable for the treatment of low or medium concentration phenol containing wastewater.The extraction method is widely used in practical industrial applications due to its advantages of simple operation,stable operation,and recyclability of phenolic compounds.The selection of extractants,the design of extraction and reverse extraction processes are crucial for the phenol removal effect and operating costs.Advanced oxidation method uses strong oxidizing groups such as hydroxyl radicals as active substances to mineralize and degrade phenolic compounds.Although it has high dephenolization efficiency,small footprint,and no pollution,it requires large equipment investment,high cost of reagents and catalysts,small treatment scale,and most technologies are still in the research stage,with limited industrial applications.Compared to other methods,extraction and advanced oxidation have greater research potential,and the combination of multiple phenol removal technologies will become the development direction for the industrial appl

关 键 词：脱酚技术 含酚废水 煤化工 萃取法 生化法 高级氧化法 酚类化合物 

分 类 号：TQ09[化学工程] X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]