针对分段收获适收期芝麻力学特性  

Mechanical properties of sesame capsules and stem stalks for segmented harvesting

作　　者：王子强 张春雨 李淼[2] 杨选将 李华龙 刘先旺 郭盼盼 麻之润 WANG Ziqiang;ZHANG Chunyu;LI Miao;YANG Xuanjiang;LI Hualong;LIU Xianwang;GUO Panpan;MA Zhirun(College of Mechanical Engineering,Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang 233100,China;Institute of Intelligent Machinery,Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院机械工程学院,安徽凤阳233100 [2]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院智能机械研究所,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《安徽科技学院学报》2024年第6期71-76,共6页Journal of Anhui Science and Technology University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2002104);国家自然科学基金(31902205);临泉国家农业科技园区科技创新能力提升项目。

摘　　要：目的:以生长期为65 d的芝麻品种‘皖芝11号’为研究对象,进行蒴果和茎秆的含水率测定以及拉伸、剪切力学特性试验分析。方法:采用恒温箱干燥法测定芝麻蒴果及茎秆含水率,用电子万能试验机测定芝麻上、中、下节位蒴果与茎秆的拉伸特性,以及切割部位茎秆的剪切特性。结果:65 d芝麻蒴果和茎秆的平均含水率分别为80.79%、78.47%,拉伸试验表明,上、中、下部节位蒴果与茎秆连接处的平均拉伸力依次为17.02、34.36、39.89 N,平均抗拉强度依次为0.72、1.22、2.27 MPa。由此可知,同株芝麻蒴果自上而下抗拉强度依次增大,下部蒴果的成熟度高于中上部;在剪切试验中,茎秆的平均剪切力为421.51 N,平均抗剪强度为2.74 MPa,而切割倾角为45°的茎秆约比切割倾角为90°的抗剪强度大23%。结论:由试验结果可知,切割倾角的变化影响芝麻茎秆剪切力的大小,不同节位芝麻蒴果成熟度不同,下部节位芝麻蒴果成熟度最高且抗拉强度最大。Objective:To provide material mechanical property parameter support for the design of sesame binder,the Wanzhi 11 sesame variety with a growth cycle of 65 d was taken as the research object,the moisture content of capsule and stem and the tensile and shear mechanical properties were tested.Methods:The moisture content of sesame pods and stems was determined by using an electric heating convection oven and an electronic balance.The tensile properties of upper,middle,and lower node positions of sesame pods and stems were determined by using an electronic universal testing machine,and the shear properties of cut stem sections were determined.Results:The average moisture content of sesame pods and stems at 65 d was 80.79%and 78.47%,respectively.The tensile test showed that the average tensile force at the connection between upper,middle,and lower node positions of sesame pods and stems was 17.02,34.36,39.89 N,with average tensile strength of 0.72,1.22,2.27 MPa.It could be concluded that the tensile strength of sesame pods from top to bottom was increasing,and the maturity of lower pods was higher than that of middle and upper pods.In the shear test,the average shear force of stems was 421.51 N,and the average shear strength was 2.74 MPa.The shear strength of stems cut at an angle of 45°was about 23%higher than that of stems cut at an angle of 90°.Conclusion:The above test results showed that the change of cutting angle affected the magnitude of sesame stem shear force,sesame capsule maturity was different at different segments,and sesame capsule maturity was the highest at the lower segment and tensile strength was the highest.

关 键 词：芝麻 茎秆 蒴果 力学特性 

分 类 号：S183[农业科学—农业基础科学]