民事诉讼繁简分流改革背景下合议制规则的适用审视与实践完善  

Application Review and Practical Improvement of the Collegiality Rulein the Context of Reform of Simplified Diversion of Civil Litigation

作　　者：孙琳 SUN Lin(School of Law,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学法学院,北京102488

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期21-29,共9页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“刑事诉讼中的财产权保护系统研究”(18ZDA144)。

摘　　要：民事诉讼繁简分流改革背景下,哪些案件应组成合议庭进行审理,司法实践中标准不一。通过透视A市F区法院2020-2022年合议制的适用现状发现:当前法院适用合议制审理的案件数明显少于适用独任制审理的案件数,且哪些案件需组成合议庭审理无明显规律可循。法官是否选择适用合议制主要基于其审判团队的工作量、案件的疑难复杂程度、考核指标以及其他不稳定因素的考量。进一步分析可知,其实质是法官受法院人案矛盾的加剧、司法责任制的压制、司法考核的束缚、社会效果的衡量等因素的影响。基于此,从结构功能主义视角分析,民事案件合议制规则的实践完善不仅仅应明确界定合议制的适用标准、实现陪审实质化,更应着眼于深化民事诉讼繁简分流改革、全面准确落实司法责任制、健全司法考核指标体系及注重案件“三个效果”统一等多方面的改革与完善。In the context of the reform of simplified diversion of civil litigation,standards in judicial practice on which cases should be composed of collegiality for hearing judicial practice vary.Viewing the current situation of the application of collegiality in District Court F of City A in 2020-2022,the number of cases to be heard by collegiality is significantly is found to be smaller than those to be heard by solo trial,and there is no obvious pattern to be followed as to which cases are to be heard by a collegial court.Whether judges choose to apply collegiality or not is mainly based on the workload of the trial team,the difficulty and complexity of the case,assessment indicators and other factors of instability.Further analysis shows that the essence is that judges are influenced by the intensification of the contradiction between people and cases in the court,the suppression of the judicial accountability system,the constraints of the judicial assessment,and the measurement of the social effect and other factors.Based on this analysis,from the perspective of structural functionalism,the practice of collegiality rules in civil cases should not only clearly define the applicable standards of collegiate system and realize the substantiation of jury,but also focus on deepening the reform of simplified diversion of civil litigation proceedings,comprehensively and accurately implementing the judicial responsibility system,improving the judicial assessment index system and paying attention to the unification of the so-called“three effects”of cases.

关 键 词：合议制 繁简分流 人案矛盾 司法责任制 司法考核 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]