我国食用菌产品出口受阻现状、原因及对策  

Export Blocked Situation,Reasons and Countermeasures of Chinese Edible Fungi

作　　者：李武 周祖法[1] LI Wu;ZHOU Zufa(Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市农业科学研究院,浙江杭州310024

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2024年第5期96-100,共5页Edible Fungi of China

基　　金：农业农村部现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-20)。

摘　　要：我国是世界上最大的食用菌生产国和出口国,出口量占世界贸易总量的70%以上。近年来,随着美国、欧盟等主要贸易国对食用菌产品质量和安全的要求逐步提高,我国食用菌出口产品被扣留或被召回现象频发,食用菌产品出口受阻现象日趋严重,不仅会给我国食用菌产业发展带来一定的经济损失,也会对我国的国际形象造成影响。经调研发现,我国食用菌出口受阻主要有3方面原因:国际贸易规范日益严格,欧美等发达国家对进口食用菌卫生安全的标准持续更新并不断提高;我国食用菌生产过程的规范性不足,在栽培原料、采摘加工、运输等环节存在卫生安全风险;食用菌检测体系不够完善,存在重复检测、检测不到位等情况。为此,应加强国际相关贸易规范的学习,积极拓展市场;加强食用菌全生产过程的卫生安全管理,提升生产科技水平和产品质量;完善相关部门监管标准体系,加大监督执法力度,保障出口产品质量安全。China is the world?蒺s largest producer and exporter of edible fungi,which the exports accounts for more than 70%of the total trade in the world.In recent years,along with the gradual improving of requirements on the quality and safety of the edible fungi from the United States,the European Union and other major trading countries,the detention or recall of the Chinese exported edible fungi have been occurred frequently,and the obstruction of the Chinese export edible fungi products has become increasingly serious.It will not only bring certain economic losses to the development of China?蒺s edible fungi industry,but also affect China?蒺s international image.The research result shows that there are three main reasons for the blocked export of edible fungi in China:The international trade norms have become strict increasingly,Europe and the United States and other developed countries constantly update and improve the standards on the health and safety of imported edible fungi;The standardization of the production process of edible fungi in China is insufficient,and there are health and safety risks in the cultivation of raw materials,picking and processing,transportation and other aspects;The testing system of edible fungi is not perfect enough,and there are repeated testing and inadequate testing.Therefore,it is need to strengthen the study of relevant international trade norms and actively expand the market;strengthen the health and safety management of the whole production process of edible fungi,improve the level of production science and technology and product quality;perfect the regulatory standard system of the relevant departments and increase the supervision and law enforcement to ensure the quality and safety of export products.

关 键 词：食用菌 出口 受阻 原因 对策 

分 类 号：S646.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]