老年人口腔衰弱与膳食摄入相关性的研究进展  

Research Progress on the Correlation Between Oral Frailty and Dietary Intake in Older Adults

作　　者：刘漫丽[1] 韦靖怡 谢婉青 张晓双 王瑶[1] 魏咪咪 刘帆[3] LIU Manli;WEI Jingyi;XIE Wanqing;ZHANG Xiaoshuang;WANG Yao;WEI Mimi;LIU Fan(State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Center for Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&Department of Sterile Supply,West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Center for Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&Post Anesthesia Care Unit,West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Center for Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&Department of Nursing,West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室,国家口腔医学中心,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,四川大学华西口腔医院消毒供应室,成都610041 [2]口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室,国家口腔医学中心,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,四川大学华西口腔医院麻醉复苏室,成都610041 [3]口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室,国家口腔医学中心,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,四川大学华西口腔医院护理部,成都610041

出　　处：《四川大学学报（医学版）》2024年第5期1336-1342,共7页Journal of Sichuan University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：四川省护理学会科研课题(No.H22006);四川省老年学学会积极应对人口老龄化研究课题(No.24SCLN001)资助。

摘　　要：随着年龄的增长,老年人的口腔功能出现增龄性下降,限制老年人饮食种类、数量、质量的选择,饮食摄入受限会造成维持口腔健康的基本营养素缺乏,诱发一系列口腔疾病,更加剧口腔功能的恶化。口腔衰弱是轻度口腔功能下降的累积,是口腔健康领域的新兴概念,当前口腔衰弱与膳食摄入的研究多聚焦于单维度口腔功能下降对老年人膳食摄入量、饮食结构、饮食满足感影响及不同饮食结构对老年人口腔状况影响等层面,对于综合性的口腔功能下降与膳食摄入之间的关系尚缺乏大样本、高质量的研究,同时,现有口腔衰弱干预措施常片面强调口腔功能的锻炼和恢复,没有注重膳食摄入和营养状况对口腔衰弱发展的影响,以膳食摄入为切入点或将其作为综合干预手段的相关研究也有待学者进一步探究。今后可在老年人常规健康管理实践中引入膳食状况的专科性评估和筛查,根据老年人的口腔状况特点及膳食摄入习惯提出针对性的干预方案,以预防与膳食摄入营养补充相关的功能衰弱。本综述对膳食摄入与口腔衰弱的相关性进行综述,以期为口腔衰弱综合管理策略制定提供新的思路和方向。With the increase in age,the oral function of older adults shows an age-related decline,which limits the types,quantity,and quality of their diet.Limited dietary intake can lead to a lack of basic nutrients needed for maintaining oral health,induce a series of oral diseases,and further aggravate the deterioration of oral functions.Oral frailty is the accumulation of mild oral function decline and is an emerging concept in the field of oral health.Currently,research on oral frailty and dietary intake mostly focuses on the impact of single-dimensional oral function decline on the dietary intake,dietary structure,and dietary satisfaction of older adults,as well as the impact of different dietary structures on the status of oral health among older adults.There is still a lack of large-sample,high-quality research on the relationship between comprehensive oral function decline and dietary intake.In addition,existing oral frailty intervention measures often place a narrow emphasis on the exercise and recovery of oral function without considering the impact of dietary intake and nutritional status on the development of oral frailty.Relevant research on taking dietary intake as an entry point or using it as a comprehensive intervention method also needs to be further explored by researchers.In the future,specialized assessment and screening of dietary status may be introduced in the routine health management practices for older adults.Furthermore,targeted intervention programs could also be proposed based on the characteristics of the oral status and the dietary intake habits of older adults,so as to prevent the functional decline related to dietary intake and nutritional supplementation.Herein,we reviewed the correlation between dietary intake and oral frailty to provide new ideas and directions for formulating comprehensive management strategies for oral frailty.

关 键 词：口腔衰弱 膳食摄入 老年人 综述 

分 类 号：R787[医药卫生—口腔医学] R153.3[医药卫生—临床医学]