稀土高效浸出菌的筛选及稀土提取机理研究  

Screening of Efficient Rare Earth Leaching Bacteria and Study on Rare Earth Extraction Mechanism

作　　者：黄敏 申丽[1,2] 赵红波[1,2] 邱冠周[1,2] HUANG Min;SHEN Li;ZHAO Hongbo;QIU Guanzhou(School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Key Lab of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,长沙410083 [2]生物冶金教育部重点实验室,长沙410083

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第11期28-40,共13页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0119600);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52274289,52222406)。

摘　　要：在“双碳”目标和环境保护的多重要求下,生物冶金正逐步成为我国稀土资源开发利用研究的热点,筛选稀土高性能浸出菌株及其稀土提取机理研究是一个重要的方向。本文从稀土矿区土壤中筛选获得一株Burkholderia cepacia XN4D0119,该菌株具有产有机酸、溶解磷酸盐和耐受稀土胁迫的能力。在优化条件下,菌体对模拟液中La^(3+)、Ce^(3+)、Pr^(3+)、Nd^(3+)、Sm^(3+)、Er^(3+)、Y^(3+)的吸附率大于98%。利用该菌株的发酵液浸出离子型稀土矿,在液固比为10∶1、温度28℃、转速180 r/min的条件下,总稀土浸出率为33.80%,Y的浸出率为51.86%。本研究筛选出一株新型稀土高效浸出菌,对稀土元素高效提取和回收具有重要的实践意义。Under the multiple requirements of the“dual carbon”target and environmental protection,biohydrometallurgy is gradually becoming a hot topic in the development and utilization of rare earth resources in China.Screening high-performance rare earth leaching strains and studying their leaching mechanisms is an important research direction.In this article,aBurkholderia cepacia XN4D0119strain from soil in rare earth mining areas was screened and obtained.This strain has the ability to produce organic acids,dissolve phosphates,and tolerate rare earth stress.Under the optimized conditions,the adsorption rate of bacterial cells for La^(3+),Ce^(3+),Pr^(3+),Nd^(3+),Sm^(3+),Er^(3+)and Y^(3+)in the simulated solution is more than 98%.The fermentation broth of this strain was used to leach ion-adsorption type rare earth ore.Under the conditions of a liquid-solid ratio of 10∶1,temperature of 28℃,and rotational speed of 180r/min,the total rare earth leaching rate is 33.80%,and the leaching rate of Y is 51.86%.In this study,a novel strain of highly efficient rare earth leaching bacteria has identified,which has important practical significance for the efficient extraction and recovery of rare earth elements(REEs).

关 键 词：稀土 菌株筛选 生物浸出 生物吸附 

分 类 号：TF845[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TF111.31