论现阶段1+X证书制度多元主体的差序关系问题及治理路径  

On the Differential Relationship of Multiple Subjects in the Current 1+X Certificate System and Its Governance Path

作　　者：胡佳思 HU Jiasi(Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《江苏高职教育》2024年第5期67-76,91,共11页Jiangsu Higher Vocational Education

基　　金：全国教育科学规划一般项目“基于空间正义的区域职业教育数字化水平测度与分异治理研究”(编号:BJA230040)。

摘　　要：差序格局理论所强调的“差序”思想为理清现阶段1+X证书制度多元主体的关系脉络提供了新的角度。基于该思想,通过分析行政管理部门、试点职业院校、行业企业与培训评价组织在利益诉求、资源运转与评价导向上的实然性差序关系发现,各个主体均存在明显的异位现象。而1+X证书制度也因多元主体的异位引发了配置体系欠稳、多元评价未普及以及人与产业不兼顾的问题。为建成以善治为目的的1+X证书制度治理体系,行政管理部门需落实“放管服”改革方针;培训评价组织需强化责任担当意识、提高公信力;试点职业院校需落实“行政与教学双管齐下”的管理理念;行业企业需明晰权责担当与风险分担机制。The theory of differential order pattern emphasizes the idea of"differential order",which provides a new perspective on the relationship of multiple subjects in the current 1+X certificate system.Based on this idea,by analyzing the actual differential relationship between administrative management departments,pilot vocational colleges,industry enterprises,and training evaluation organizations in terms of interest demands,resource operation,and evaluation orientation,it was found that each subject has a significant phenomenon of malposition.The 1+X certificate system has also caused problems such as unstable configuration system,lack of popularization of diversified evaluation,and imbalance between people and industries due to the malposition of multiple subjects.To establish a 1+X certificate system with the goal of good governance,administrative departments need to implement the policy of"streamlining administration,delegating powers,and improving services"throughout;training evaluation organizations need to strengthen their sense of responsibility and enhance their credibility;pilot vocational colleges need to implement the management concept of"dual management of administration and teaching management";and industry enterprises need to clarify their responsibilities and risk sharing mechanisms.

关 键 词：1+X证书制度 职业教育多元主体 差序关系 职业教育治理 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]