多功能虚词“跟”的二语习得顺序考察  

A Study on the Second Language Acquisition Sequence of the Multifunctional Function Word"Gen"

作　　者：张成进 刘晓艺 Zhang Chengjin;Liu Xiaoyi(College of Arts,NanJing Audit University,NanJing 211815,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京审计大学文学院,江苏南京211815

出　　处：《伊犁师范大学学报》2024年第3期56-63,共8页Journal of Yili Normal University

摘　　要：现代汉语中的“跟”是一种多功能虚词,不仅具有连接功能还具有介引功能。用作连词时,连接几个并列性成分;用作介词时,可标记多种语义成分。基于部分汉语权威工具书,将虚词“跟”的语法意义归纳为四类:表示并列关系的连词功能,引进动作协同一方、引进动作比较对象、引进动作涉及对象等三种介词功能,并依次标记为“跟_(1)”“跟_(2)”“跟_(3)”“跟_(4)”。基于二语习得顺序理论,通过对北京语言大学HSK动态作文语料库中虚词“跟”的语料使用统计,依据输出率、正确率、初现率三个标准具体考察“跟”四个义项的先后习得顺序,得出的结论为:跟_(2)>跟_(1)>跟_(4)>跟_(3)。多功能虚词“跟”习得顺序的形成主要受语法点的使用频率和其自身语法点特征凸显度与难易度的影响。In contemporary Chinese,the word"Gen"serves as a multifunctional function word,encompassing not only a connective role but also an introductory function.When functioning as a conjunction,it links several parallel components;when used as a preposition,it can denote various semantic elements.Drawing fromauthoritative Chinese reference materials,this study categorizes the grammatical meanings of the function word"he"into four types:its role in indicating juxtaposition(labeled as"Gen_(1)"),introducing action to coordinate one side("Gen_(2)"),comparing objects("Gen_(3)"),and relating objects("Gen_(4)").Following the second language acquisition sequence theory,this paper examines the acquisition sequence of these four meanings within Beijing Language and Culture University's HSK dynamic composition corpus based on output rate,occurrence rate,and accuracy rate.The findings indicate that the order of acquisition is"Gen_(2)>Gen_(1)>Gen_(4)>Gen_(3)".Furthermore,it elucidates the reasons behind this acquisition order by considering factors such as grammar point frequency of use,promi-nence,and difficulty.

关 键 词：“跟” 多功能虚词 习得顺序 初现率标准 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]