类芽孢杆菌对玉米大斑病菌的抑菌机制研究  

Study on the antibacterial mechanism of Bacillus-like bacteria Paenibacillus strain against Exserohilum turcicum in maize

作　　者：闫博巍 Yan Bowei(Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Postdoctoral Programme,Institute of Industrial Crops,Heilongjiang Acade-my of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院经济作物研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150000

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期95-102,共8页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2019C079);中国博士后科学基金第14批特别资助(2021T140187);黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费(CZKYF2022-1-C027);黑龙江省农业科学院院级课题(CX22YQ35)。

摘　　要：[目的]明确类芽孢杆菌NK3-4菌株对玉米大斑病菌的抑菌机理,为以类芽孢杆菌为主要成分的生防制剂开发奠定理论基础。[方法]采用显微观察法及菌丝生长速率测定法对抑菌效果进行测定,同时使用分光光度法对玉米大斑病菌的碱性磷酸酶含量、原磷代谢水平、细胞膜通透性、可溶性糖浓度、蛋白质合成水平及黑色素含量进行分析,研究类芽孢杆菌对玉米大斑病菌的抑菌机理。[结果]不同浓度类芽孢杆菌NK3-4发酵液均可对玉米大斑病菌产生抑制作用,发酵液浓度为20%时,抑菌率可达98.68%,孢子萌发抑制率可达99.04%,其可破坏大斑病菌菌丝结构,抑制菌丝体形成并抑制孢子萌发;发酵液对细胞壁结构、细胞膜代谢、细胞膜透性和完整性具有一定的破坏作用,对菌体蛋白形成无显著影响;同时发酵液可降低HT毒素的致病性以及黑色素含量。[结论]类芽孢杆菌NK3-4可通过破坏病原菌菌丝结构,抑制菌丝体形成及孢子萌发抑制大斑病菌的生长发育进程。发酵液通过破坏细胞壁结构、细胞膜代谢功能、细胞膜透性和完整性达到抑菌作用,此外发酵液可通过降低玉米大斑病菌黑色素含量,降低其致病性。该研究可为玉米大斑病菌生防制剂开发奠定理论基础。[Objective]To clarify the antibacterial mechanism of Paenibacillus NK3-4 strain against Exserohilum turcicum,the pathogen of northern leaf spot of maize,and to establish a theoretical foundation for the development of biocontrol agents using Paenibacillus as the main component.[Method]Microscopic observation method and mycelium growth rate measurement methods were used to determine the antibacterial effects.Additionally,the content of alkaline phosphatase,primary phosphorus metabolism levels,cell membrane permeability,soluble sugar,protein synthesis levels,and melanin content in E.turcicum were analyzed using spectrophotometry to explore the antibacterial mechanism of Paenibacillus against E.turcicum.[Result]Different concentrations of the Paenibacillus strain NK3-4 fermentation broth inhibited the growth of E.turcicum.At the concentration of 20%,the inhibition rate reached 98.68%,and the spore germination inhibition rate reached 99.04%.The fermentation broth destroyed the mycelium structure of E.turcicum,inhibited mycelium formation,and prevent spore germination.The fermentation broth also had a destructive effect on cell wall structure,cell membrane metabolism,and membrane permeability and integrity,though it did not significantly affect protein formation in the pathogen.Meanwhile,the fermentation broth reduced the pathogenicity of the HT toxin and the melanin content of E.turcicum.[Conclusion]The bacillus-like strain NK3-4 can inhibit the growth and development of E.turcicum by destroying the mycelium structure,inhibiting mycelium formation,and preventing spore germination.The fermentation broth exerts its antibacterial effect by damaging the cell wall structure,disrupting cell membrane metabolism,and compromising cell membrane permeability and integrity.Additionally,the fermentation broth can reduce the pathogenicity of E.turcicum by lowering melanin content of HT toxin.This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of biocontrol agents against northern leaf spot of maize.

关 键 词：类芽孢杆菌 玉米大斑病菌 抑菌机理 生物防治 

分 类 号：S43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] Q93[农业科学—植物保护]