基于DAP-Rail的地铁车辆动力学仿真及影响因素分析  

Dynamics Simulation of Metro Vehicles Based on DAP-Rail and Analysis of Influencing Factors

作　　者：乔虹 罗仁[1] QIAO Hong;LUO Ren(State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2024年第5期117-123,共7页Rolling Stock

摘　　要：对某B型地铁车辆开展了动力学线路型式试验,在DAP-Rail轨道车辆动力学仿真软件中建立了拖车非线性动力学模型并开展数值仿真。通过仿真与试验结果对比,验证了仿真模型,分析了轮轨摩擦因数、轨道不平顺波长、轮轨接触几何关系计算方法、轮轨蠕滑模型和轨道模型对车辆常规动力学性能的影响。结果表明,轮轨摩擦因数和轨道不平顺波长对动力学性能影响显著,适当降低摩擦因数可以改善动力学性能,控制波长小于10 m的不平顺有利于减小运行稳定性指标;为了兼顾计算效率和计算精度,在地铁车辆常规动力学优化时,通过数表插值计算轮轨关系,采用轨道等效质量模型,通过FASTSIM或者SHEN模型计算轮轨蠕滑力,可以满足分析要求。地铁车辆动力学影响因素众多,急需建立实测轨道不平顺、轮轨廓形和轨道空间参数的相关数据库和标准规范。For the purpose of this project,a dynamic on-track type test was conducted on a B-type metro vehicle,a nonlinear dynamic model of the trailer was developed,and a numerical simulation was conducted using DAP-Rail rail vehicle dynamic simulation software.By comparing the simulation results with the test results,the simulation model is verified,and the effects of the wheel-rail friction coefficient,track irregularity wavelength,the geometry calculation method of wheel-rail contact,wheel-rail creep model,and track model on the conventional dynamic performance of vehicles are analyzed.The results indicate that the wheel-rail friction coefficient and track irregularity wavelength exert a significant impact on the dynamic performance.It can be improved by appropriately reducing the friction coefficient,and limiting the track irregularity wavelength range to less than 10 meters can be advantageous in reducing the running stability index;In order to ensure calculation efficiency and accuracy,the wheel-rail relationship is computed through interpolation of the number table,and the equivalent mass model of the rail is used to calculate the creep-slip force of the wheel-rail through the FASTSIM or SHEN model during the conventional dynamic optimization of metro vehicles,which can meet the analytical requirements.The dynamics of metro vehicles are influenced by numerous variables,and it is crucial to establish a reliable database and uniform specifications for the measured track irregularities,wheel-rail contours and spatial parameters of the track.

关 键 词：地铁车辆 动力学性能 线路试验 数值仿真 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]