基于水包稠油型乳状液黏度与稳定性的乳化剂配方研究  

Study on emulsifier formulation based on viscosity and stability of heavy oil in water emulsions

作　　者：蒋灿灿 敬加强[1,2] 孙杰 JIANG Cancan;JING Jiaqiang;SUN Jie(Oil and Gas Engineering College,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;Oil&Gas Fire Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 611731,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,四川成都610500 [2]油气消防四川省重点实验室,四川成都611731

出　　处：《石油化工》2024年第10期1451-1460,共10页Petrochemical Technology

摘　　要：采用单因素实验法考察了一种稠油乳化剂配方中包括油酸钠(NaOA)、椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱(CAB-35)、无机碱(Na_(2)CO_(3))、有机碱(三乙醇胺(TEOA))4种组分的配比和剂量。考察了乳化温度、含油率及Na^(+)和Ca^(2+)含量等指标对稠油乳状液流变性质和稳定性的影响,并采用响应曲面法优化上述指标后确定了乳化剂的配方。实验结果表明,表面活性剂与稠油的相互作用对乳状液的表观黏度具有显著影响;而表面活性剂与碱的相互作用则显著影响稳定性。优化的配方为:表面活性剂含量1.5%(w)(m(NaOA)∶m(CAB-35)=2∶1),碱含量0.4%(w)(m(Na_(2)CO_(3))∶m(TEOA)=1),乳化温度40℃,含油率为71%(w);乳状液的表观黏度为38.26 mPa·s,稳定性为90.28%。经济配方为:表面活性剂含量1.0%(w)(配比不变),碱含量0.2%(w)(配比不变),乳化温度40℃,含油率为75%(w);乳状液表观黏度为45.92 mPa·s,稳定性为87.01%。A single-factor experimental method was utilized to investigate the ratios and amounts of components in a heavy oil emulsifier formula,which included sodium oleate(NaOA),cocamidopropyl betaine(CAB-35),inorganic alkali(Na_(2)CO_(3)),and organic alkali(triethanolamine(TEOA)).The research focused on the effects of emulsification temperature,oil content,and content of Na^(+) and Ca^(2+) on the rheological properties and stability of the heavy oil emulsion,with formulation optimization achieved by means of response surface methodology.The results indicate that the interaction between surfactants and heavy oil significantly influences on the apparent viscosity of the emulsion,while the interaction between surfactants and alkali has a marked impact on its stability.The optimized formulation comprises a surfactant content of 1.5%(w)(m(NaOA)∶m(CAB-35)=2∶1),an alkali content of 0.4%(w)(m(Na_(2)CO_(3))∶m(TEOA)=1),an emulsification temperature of 40℃,and an oil content of 71%(w).Under these conditions,the emulsion displays an apparent viscosity of 38.26 mPa·s and a stability of 90.28%.Additionally,an economically viable formulation is determined,which features a surfactant content of 1.0%(w)(with the same ratio),an alkali content of 0.2%(w)(with the same ratio),an emulsification temperature of 40℃,and an oil content of 75%(w),resulting in an emulsion with an apparent viscosity of 45.92 mPa·s and a stability of 87.01%.

关 键 词：稠油 水包油乳状液 复配表面活性剂 黏度 稳定性 响应曲面法 

分 类 号：TQ018[化学工程]