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作 者:龚延明[1] GONG Yanming(Institute of Ancient Books,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310028,China)
机构地区:[1]浙江大学文学院古籍研究所,浙江杭州310028
出 处:《河北大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2024年第6期52-69,共18页Journal of Hebei University(Philosophy and Social Science)
基 金:国家社会科学基金滚动资助重大项目“中国历代登科总录”(03BZS008)。
摘 要:宋代科举取士重立法。《贡举条制》是科举考试法的总称,其下又有敕、令、格、式等细化管理。科举条制从宋初沿唐制,至真宗朝始制订本朝《科举条制》,由疏而密。科举条制历经仁宗《庆历贡举条制》,神宗《熙宁科举条制》,哲宗朝元祐、元符条制修订的反复,徽宗朝《政和新修贡士敕令格式》,南宋《绍兴重修贡士敕令格式》的五次改革。宋代仅存的丁度《贡举条式》反映了科举条制在实践中的不断变化。两宋科举敕、令、格、式的延续修订,反映出宋代朝廷重视建立科举考试法,目的在于公正、公平科举考试取士。这种追求与努力也是宋代科举制能延续至元、明、清的一个重要原因。In the Song Dynasty,the imperial examination system emphasized the legislation of selecting scholars.The“Gongju Tiao System”is a general term for the imperial examination system,which in-cludes detailed management such as imperial edicts,decrees,forms,and standards.The imperial ex-amination system followed the Tang system from the early Song Dynasty to the establishment of the“Imperial Examination System”during the reign of Emperor Zhenzong,which evolved from sparse to dense.The imperial examination system went through five reforms,including Emperor Renzong's“Qingli Gongju System”,Emperor Shenzong's“Xining Imperial Examination System”,Emperor Zhezong's revision of the Yuanyou and Yuanfu system,Emperor Huizong's“Zhenghe Newly Revised Gongshi Edict Format”,and the Southern Song Dynasty's“Shaoxing Revised Gongshi Edict Format”.The only surviving Ding Du's“Gongju Tiao Shi”in the Song Dynasty reflects the continuous changes in the practice of the imperial examination system.The continuous revision of the imperial edicts,de-crees,forms,and standards of the imperial examination system in the Song Dynasty reflects the courts emphasis on establishing the imperial examination law,with the aim of achieving fairness and impartiality in the selection of scholars through the imperial examination.This pursuit and effort were also an important reason why the imperial examination system in the Song Dynasty could continue until the Yuan,Ming,and Qing dynasties.
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