气候变化对上海城市生态影响的研究进展  

Research progress on impact of climate change on urban ecology in Shanghai

作　　者：史军 崔林丽[1,3] 沈钟平 SHI Jun;CUI Linli;SHEN Zhongping(Shanghai Ecological Forecasting and Remote Sensing Center,Shanghai 200030,China;Qing Pu Meteorological Station of Shanghai,Shanghai 201700,China;Key Laboratory of Cities Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Shanghai(CMACC),Shanghai Climate Center,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市生态气象和卫星遥感中心,上海200030 [2]上海市青浦区气象局,上海201700 [3]上海市气候中心,上海城市气候变化应对重点开放实验室,上海200030

出　　处：《生态科学》2024年第3期268-274,共7页Ecological Science

基　　金：上海市科技计划项目(20232410100);中国气象局上海城市气候变化应对重点开放实验室开放基金课题“气候变化对上海生态系统影响评估”。

摘　　要：城市是人类文明进步的标志和人类社会的主要空间形态,受到全球气候变化的深刻影响和人类活动的显著支配。聚焦上海城市生态系统,评估了历史气候变化对城市气候生产潜力、植被活动、湿地面积及生物多样性、近海生态环境、城市水资源安全等的影响,指出了未来全球气候变化背景下城市生态将面临的气候变化风险以及存在的知识差距,并对适应气候变化的对策措施进行展望,包括科学评估区域气候容量阈值和生态环境承载力,加强园林绿化工程改善城市微气候的研究和应用示范,实现气候模式和城市生态过程模式的深度耦合,提高近海生态系统健康水平和对海洋灾害风险防范能力。Cities are the symbol of human civilization and the main spatial form of human society,which are deeply influenced by global climate change and significantly dominated by human activities.Focusing on the urban ecosystem of Shanghai,the impacts of historical climate change on urban climatic productivity potential,vegetation activities,wetland area and biodiversity,coastal ecological environment,and urban water resources security were assessed in this paper.Moreover,the risk of climate change and the knowledge gap of urban ecology under the background of global climate change in the future were pointed out,and the countermeasures to adapt to climate change were prospected,including scientific assessment of regional climate capacity threshold and ecology environmental bearing capacity,strengthening the research and application demonstration of landscape engineering to improve urban microclimate,realizing the deep coupling of climate model and urban ecological process model,and improving the health level of coastal ecosystem and the ability to prevent marine disaster risk.

关 键 词：气候变化 城市生态 影响 适应对策 展望 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]