基于权重比的风力机底座优化设计  

Optimal design of wind turbine’s base based on weight ratio

作　　者：舒杰 傅晓锦[1] SHU Jie;FU Xiaojin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai DianJi University,Shanghai 201306)

机构地区：[1]上海电机学院机械学院,上海201306

出　　处：《机械设计》2024年第7期128-135,共8页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金(11ZR1413800)。

摘　　要：风力发电机底座是风力机的重要组成部分,不仅要承受轮毂、齿轮箱及发电机的质量,在工作中还时刻受到复杂工况下产生的动态载荷,因此,在底座的拓扑优化设计时,必须考虑多个工况下的优化结果,不同工况权重比的分配,往往是建立更加合理拓扑结构的关键。针对这个问题,文中首先采用基于变密度法与折衷规划法建立底座刚度拓扑优化综合目标函数,然后通过构建径向基函数代理模型,结合多岛遗传算法找寻不同极限工况下的最佳权重因子,按照各个工况的最佳权重对底座进行拓扑优化设计。针对拓扑优化后底座局部应力过大的问题,对其进行形状优化,最后对优化后的底座验证分析。试验结果表明:优化后的底座质量大大减小,刚度得到提升,局部应力集中问题得到改善,满足加工要求,为风力机底座的设计提供了参考。The base,as an important part of the wind turbine,not only bears the weight of the hub,the gear box and the generator,but also bears the dynamic load under complex working conditions at all time.Therefore,in terms of the base’s topology optimization,the results under multiple working conditions must be taken into consideration,but the distribution of weight ratios under different working conditions is the key to set up a more reasonable topology structure.In this article,in order to solve this problem,firstly,the topology-optimization comprehensive objective function of the base stiffness is set up with the help of the variable density method and the compromise programming method.Then,the proxy model is set up for the radial basis function.The multi-island genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal weight factor under different limit conditions;the base is subject to topology optimization according to the optimal weight under each working condition.In addition,due to the excessive local stress exerted on the base after topology optimization,the shape is optimized.Finally,the optimized base is verified and analyzed.The experimental results show that after optimization,the base’s mass greatly reduces,the stiffness improves,and the concentrated local stress can be avoided,which meets the requirements of machining.This study provides reference for the design of the wind turbine’s base.

关 键 词：折衷规划法 多目标函数 径向基函数 多岛遗传算法 拓扑优化 形状优化 

分 类 号：TM315[电气工程—电机]