中共早期对工人阶级的调查研究及其方法论启示  

The Early Research on the Working Class by the Communist Party of China and its Methodological Inspiration

作　　者：黄岭峻[1] 徐以丹 Huang Lingjun;Xu Yidan

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《近代史学刊》2024年第2期178-192,M0008,M0009,共17页Journal of Modern Chinese History

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“马克思主义在中国工人群体中的传播与影响研究(1919-1949)”(项目号:19BKS003)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中国共产党成立伊始,即开始对工人阶级进行有组织的社会调查,1921—1922年侧重于对中国工人阶级生活状况的调研,1922—1927年侧重于对中国工人阶级斗争情况的调研,1927—1930年则侧重于对中国工人阶级的统筹深化调研。整个调研过程形成了以问题导向为切入点、以全党组织为着力点、以科学分类为结合点、以指导实践为落脚点的工作方法,其方法论启示在于:坚持问题导向,但不可忽视理论;坚持全党组织,但不可流于形式;坚持科学分类,但不可过于烦琐;坚持指导实践,但不可以偏概全。Since its establishment,the Communist Party of China has carried out organized social investigations on the working class.From 1920 to 1922,the focus was on researching the living conditions of the Chinese working class.From 1922 to 1927,the emphasis shifted to stud-ying the struggles of the Chinese working class.From 1927 to 1930,the focus was on comprehen-sive and deepened research on the Chinese working class.The entire investigative process formed a working method that is problem-oriented,with the party organization as the focal point,scientif-ic classification as the integration point,and guiding practice as the grounding point.This method-ology provides valuable insights for the CPC’s current research work:maintaining a problem-ori-ented approach while not neglecting theory;emphasizing the involvement of the entire party or-ganization while avoiding formalism;adhering to scientific classification without becoming overly cumbersome;and ensuring guidance of practice without oversimplifying complexities.

关 键 词：中国共产党 工人阶级 调查研究 方法论 

分 类 号：D412[政治法律—政治学]