制度·团体·知识:全面抗战时期徽州中医与疫病防治  

System,Association,and Knowledge:Traditional Chinese Medicine and Epidemic Prevention and Control in Huizhou during the War of Resistance against Japan’s Aggregation

作　　者：朱甲利 朱正业[1] Zhu Jiali;Zhu Zhengye

机构地区：[1]安徽大学历史学院

出　　处：《近代史学刊》2024年第2期209-223,M0009,M0010,共17页Journal of Modern Chinese History

基　　金：安徽省哲学社会科学规划重点项目“黑热病防控与国家治理能力研究(1912-1960年)”(项目号:AHSKZ2020D06);安徽省高等学校科学研究项目(哲学社会科学)重大项目“黑热病防治及其经验教训研究”(项目号:2022AH040072)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在传统社会发挥主体医疗功能的徽州中医,并未因新式公医体制的推行而宣告其历史使命的结束。由于西医人才、技术与医疗设备的匮乏,徽州中医得以直接进入新式医疗体制,成为国家医疗卫生体系建设的积极推动者和参与者。本身具有深厚医疗基础的徽州中医开始大量涌入官方组织的防疫与医疗机构,并以职业公会为依托,在防疫事务中扮演主要角色。由皖南行署组织的防疫委员会、临时防疫所、县卫生院等垂直化机构高效调动了分散的中医医疗资源。同时,借助新式传播媒介,徽州中医对民众进行大量常见疫病防治知识普及,并借此交流治疫知识、分享高效方剂,这些经过临床验证研制而成的中药方剂也成为疫情中所仰赖的主要医药资源。全面抗战时期,徽州中医在现代医疗体制建设背景下对疫病防治的实践,提供了一个观察中医在“传统”和“近代”浪潮之间存续的典型案例。The Huizhou(徽州)traditional Chinese medicine,which played the main medical role in traditional society,did not declare the end of its historical mission due to the implementation of the new public medical system.Due to the shortage of Western medical talents,technology,and medical equipment,Huizhou Traditional Chinese Medicine was able to directly enter the new medical system and become an active promoter and participant in the construction of the na-tional medical and health system.Huizhou Traditional Chinese Medicine,which has a strong medical foundation,has begun to flood into official epidemic prevention and medical institutions,relying on professional guilds to play a major role in epidemic prevention affairs.The vertical insti-tutions such as the Epidemic Prevention Committee,Temporary Epidemic Prevention Centers,and County Health Centers organized by the Anhui Southern Administrative Office(皖南行署)have efficiently mobilized dispersed traditional Chinese medicine medical resources.At the same time,with the help of new communication media,Huizhou Traditional Chinese Medicine has pop-ularized a large amount of common disease prevention and control knowledge among the public,and used these media to exchange knowledge of epidemic treatment and share efficient prescrip-tions.These clinically validated and developed traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions have also become the main medical resources relied on during the epidemic.During the period of the Count-er-Japanese War,Huizhou Traditional Chinese Medicine’s practice in disease prevention and control under the background of modern medical system construction provided a typical case of observing the existence of traditional Chinese medicine between the“traditional”and“modern”

关 键 词：徽州 中医 防疫体制 医疗知识 

分 类 号：R-09[医药卫生]