芳香碱金属试剂的结构、性质及其应用  

Aromatic Alkali Metal Reagents:Structures,Properties and Applications

作　　者：陈梓桐 苏子佩 钱江锋[1] Zitong Chen;Zipei Su;Jiangfeng Qian(College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学化学与分子科学学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《大学化学》2024年第8期149-162,共14页University Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22075216,22279093);湖北省自然科学基金(2022CFB096)。

摘　　要：芳香碱金属试剂的制备是通过碱金属与芳香化合物在非质子溶剂中自发反应得到,在该反应中碱金属将电子转移给芳香化合物,形成自由基负离子。使用不同的芳香化合物,碱金属以及非质子溶剂得到的芳香碱金属试剂的性质也存在差异。目前该类试剂已经被广泛应用于高分子阴离子聚合、电极材料化学预锂化以及二维材料离子插层剥离等领域。基于芳香碱金属化合物广泛的应用前景,以及其在国内外多数基础化学教材中非常有限的介绍,本文结合文献和最新研究成果,重点介绍了该类试剂的结构、性质和应用研究进展,拓展了芳香碱金属试剂在教学中的深入介绍,有助于开阔学生的前沿科学视野,提升学生的科学素养,进一步体现科学研究对本科教学内容改革的推进作用。Aromatic alkali metal reagents are prepared through the spontaneous reaction between alkali metals and aromatic compounds in aprotic solvents.This reaction involves the transfer of electrons from the alkali metal to the aromatic compound,resulting in the formation of radical anions.The properties of aromatic alkali metal reagents vary depending on the choice of aromatic compounds,alkali metals,and aprotic solvents.These reagents have found extensive applications in fields such as anionic polymerization,chemical prelithiation of electrode materials and ionintercalation-assisted exfoliation of two-dimensional materials.Despite their promising applications,the introduction of aromatic alkali metal compounds in most basic chemistry textbooks is limited.This article aims to address this gap by providing a comprehensive review of the structure,properties,and recent advances in the application of aromatic alkali metal reagents.By expanding the coverage of these reagents in teaching,it will contribute to broadening students’understanding of cutting-edge scientific research,enhancing their scientific literacy,and promoting the reform of undergraduate chemistry education.

关 键 词：电子转移反应 芳香化合物 还原性 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学] O6[文化科学—教育学]