三峡工程运行后荆江河段适宜生态流量研究  

The suitable ecological discharge of the Jingjiang Reach after the operation of Three Gorges Project

作　　者：黄宇云 杨卓媛 余飞 余明辉[2] 陆晶[2] Huang Yuyun;Yang Zhuoyuan;Yu Fei;Yu Minghui;Lu Jing(Changjiang Survey,Planning,Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430010,P.R.China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,P.R.China;Central Southern China Electric Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd.of China Power Engineering Consulting Group,Wuhan 430071,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司,武汉430010 [2]武汉大学,水资源工程与调度国家重点实验室,武汉430072 [3]中国电力工程顾问集团中南电力设计院有限公司,武汉430071

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2024年第6期1900-1910,共11页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11972265);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200202);长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司自主创新项目(CX2019Z11)联合资助。

摘　　要：适宜生态流量是维持河流生态系统健康发展的重要条件。本文借鉴IHA指标体系,选用月均流量和年最大/小流量作为代表性指标,基于三峡工程运行前水文序列,采用RVA法分析三峡工程运行后荆江河段流量过程的改变度,并计算同时考虑流量和水位的适宜生态流量过程。结果表明,三峡工程运行后荆江河段流量过程整体改变度为0.51~0.56。荆江河段适宜生态流量过程包括:上荆江1-12月月均流量分别为7347、6918、7307、9145、13052、18307、26489、22928、21855、17445、12381、8830 m^(3)/s,年最大流量为37800 m^(3)/s,年最小流量为6157 m^(3)/s;下荆江1-12月月均流量分别为4837、4818、5125、6700、10108、13363、19611、16731、15685、13277、8484、6003 m^(3)/s,年最大流量为30550 m^(3)/s,年最小流量为4359 m^(3)/s;三峡工程运行后,上荆江河段适宜生态流量满足程度低于下荆江。研究成果能为长江经济带水安全保障及水生态修复技术提供科学参考。Suitable ecological flow is an important condition to maintain the healthy development of river ecosystem.Using the IHA index system for reference,monthly average discharge and the annual maximum/small discharge as selected as representative indicators.The RVA method was used to calculate and determine the change degree of the discharge process of the Jingjiang Reach.The suitable ecological discharge process considering both discharge and water level after the operation of the Three Gorges Project was calculated.The results showed that the overall change degree of the discharge process of the Jingjiang reach after the operation of the Three Gorges Project was 0.51-0.56.The suitable ecological discharge progress of the Upper Jingjiang Reach include:the average monthly discharge from January to December were 7347,6918,7307,9145,13052,18307,26489,22928,21855,17445,12381 and 8830 m^(3)/s,respectively;the annual maximum discharge was 37800 m^(3)/s;the annual minimum discharge was 6157 m^(3)/s.The suitable ecological discharge of the Lower Jingjiang Reach included:the average monthly discharge from January to December are 4837,4818,5125,6700,10108,13363,19611,16731,15685,13277,8484 and 6003 m^(3)/s,respectively;the annual maximum flow was 30550 m^(3)/s;the annual minimum flow was 4359 m^(3)/s.The satisfaction degree of the suitable ecological discharge in the Upper Jingjiang Reach was lower than that in the Lower Jingjiang Reach after operation of the Three Gorges Project.The research results can provide scientific reference for the technologies for water security and aquatic ecosystem restoration in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

关 键 词：荆江河段 适宜生态流量 三峡工程 RVA法 IHA法 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学] TV632[水利工程—水利水电工程]