受限空间内不同容量电池过充热失控产气及产热特性研究  

Study on the gas and heat generation characteristics of overcharging thermal runaway of batteries with different capacities in confined spaces

作　　者：刘秀兰 张倩 刘通[2] 朱国庆[2] Liu Xiulan;Zhang Qian;Liu Tong;Zhu Guoqing(Beijing Electric Power Research Institute,Beijing 100075,China;School of Safety Engineering,China Univer-sity of Mining and Technology,Jiangsu Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]国网北京市电力公司电力科学研究院,北京100075 [2]中国矿业大学安全工程学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2024年第10期1367-1372,1378,共7页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家电网公司总部科技项目(5400-202355235A-1-1-ZN)。

摘　　要：过充是引发热失控的主要因素之一,但不同容量下储能电池单体过充热失控行为特性尚缺少讨论,其热失控演变规律仍不清晰。本文对不同容量的方形锂离子电池进行了过充试验。结果表明,电池挤压力是热失控早期变化最敏感的参数,可作为初期预警信号。随着过充电流倍率增加,热失控不同阶段的热量和气体释放分布完全改变,总气体产生量增加。当电池容量从50 Ah增加到280 Ah时,产气量和产热量都会迅速增加,单位容量下气体释放量增加了1倍多,热失控危险性显著增加。Overcharge is one of the primary factors that can trigger characteristics of thermal runaway behavior in energy storage bat-tery cells with different capacities,and the variation rules of ther-mal runaway behaviors has not been clearly revealed.In this study,overcharge experiments were conducted on prismatic li-ion batteries of varying capacities.The results indicate that the battery compression force is the most sensitive parameter that changes early in thermal runaway,serving as an early warning sig-nal.As the overcharging current rate increases,the distribution of heat and gas release during different stages of thermal runaway changes completely,leading to an increase in the total gas produc-tion.When the battery capacity is increased from 50 Ah to 280 Ah,both the gas production and heat generation increase rapidly with the gas release per unit capacity more than doubling,which significantly enhances the risk of thermal runaway.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 过充 热失控 容量 热量释放 气体释放 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]